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Amazon Web Services DOP-C02 Dumps

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Total 435 questions

AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional Questions and Answers

Question 1

A DevOps engineer is creating a CI/CD pipeline to build container images. The engineer needs to store container images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) and scan the images for common vulnerabilities. The CI/CD pipeline must be resilient to outages in upstream source container image repositories.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an ECR private repository in the private registry to store the container images and scan images when images are pushed to the repository. Configure a replication rule in the private registry to replicate images from upstream repositories.

B.

Create an ECR public repository in the public registry to cache images from upstream source repositories. Create an ECR private repository to store images. Configure the private repository to scan images when images are pushed to the repository.

C.

Create an ECR public repository in the public registry. Configure a pull through cache rule for the repository. Create an ECR private repository to store images. Configure the ECR private registry to perform basic scanning.

D.

Create an ECR private repository in the private registry to store the container images. Enable basic scanning for the private registry, and create a pull through cache rule.

Question 2

A company is storing 100 GB of log data in csv format in an Amazon S3 bucket SQL developers want to query this data and generate graphs to visualize it. The SQL developers also need an efficient automated way to store metadata from the csv file.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of effort? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Fitter the data through AWS X-Ray to visualize the data.

B.

Filter the data through Amazon QuickSight to visualize the data.

C.

Query the data with Amazon Athena.

D.

Query the data with Amazon Redshift.

E.

Use the AWS Glue Data Catalog as the persistent metadata store.

F.

Use Amazon DynamoDB as the persistent metadata store.

Question 3

A company runs an application for multiple environments in a single AWS account. An AWS CodePipeline pipeline uses a development Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster to test an image from an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. The pipeline promotes the image to a production ECS cluster.

The company needs to move the production cluster into a separate AWS account in the same AWS Region. The production cluster must be able to download the images over a private connection.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon ECR VPC endpoints and an Amazon S3 gateway endpoint. In the separate AWS account, create an ECR repository. Set the repository policy to allow the production ECS tasks to pull images from the main AWS account. Configure the production ECS task execution role to have permission to download the image from the ECR repository.

B.

Set a policy on the production ECR repository in the main AWS account. Configure the repository policy to allow the production ECS tasks in the separate AWS account to pull images from the main account. Configure the production ECS task execution role to have permission to download the image from the ECR repository.

C.

Configure ECR private image replication in the main AWS account. Activate cross-account replication. Define the destination account ID of the separate AWS account.

D.

Use Amazon ECR VPC endpoints and an Amazon S3 gateway endpoint. Set a repository policy on the ECR repository in the main AWS account. Configure the repository policy to allow the production ECS tasks in the separate AWS account to pull images from the main account. Configure the production ECS task execution role to have permission to download the image from the ECR repository.

Question 4

A DevOps team supports an application that runs on a large number of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The DevOps team uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy the EC2 instances. The application recently experienced an issue. A single instance returned errors to a large percentage of requests. The EC2 instance responded as healthy to both Amazon EC2 and Elastic Load Balancing health checks. The DevOps team collects application logs in Amazon CloudWatch by using the embedded metric format. The DevOps team needs to receive an alert if any EC2 instance is responsible for more than half of all errors. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create a CloudWatch Contributor Insights rule that groups logs from the CloudWatch application logs based on instance ID and errors.

B.

Create a resource group in AWS Resource Groups. Use the CloudFormation stack to group the resources for the application. Add the application to CloudWatch Application Insights. Use the resource group to identify the application.

C.

Create a metric filter for the application logs to count the occurrence of the term " Error. " Create a CloudWatch alarm that uses the METRIC_COUNT function to determine whether errors have occurred. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to send a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the DevOps team.

D.

Create a CloudWatch alarm that uses the INSIGHT_RULE_METRIC function to determine whether a specific instance is responsible for more than half of all errors reported by EC2 instances. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to send a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the DevOps team.

E.

Create a CloudWatch subscription filter for the application logs that filters for errors and invokes an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to send the instance ID and error in a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the DevOps team.

Question 5

A company is developing code and wants to use semantic versioning. The company ' s DevOps team needs to create a pipeline for compiling the code. The team also needs to manage versions of the compiled code. If the code uses any open source libraries, the libraries must also be cached in the build process. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CodeArtifact repository and associate the upstream repositories. Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the semantic version of the code artifacts. Configure the project to authenticate and connect to the CodeArtifact repository and publish the artifact to the repository.

B.

Use AWS CodeDeploy to upload the generated semantic version of the artifact to an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system.

C.

Use an AWS CodeBuild project to build the code and to publish the generated semantic version of the artifact to AWS Artifact. Configure build caching in the CodeBuild project.

D.

Create a new AWS CodeArtifact repository. Create an AWS Lambda function that pulls open source packages from the internet and publishes the packages to the repository. Configure AWS CodeDeploy to build semantic versions of the code and publish the versions to the repository.

Question 6

A DevOps engineer is creating an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy a web service. The web service will run on Amazon EC2 instances in a private subnet behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The DevOps engineer must ensure that the service can accept requests from clients that have IPv6 addresses.

What should the DevOps engineer do with the CloudFormation template so that IPv6 clients can access the web service?

Options:

A.

Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and the private subnet for the EC2 instances. Create route table entries for the IPv6 network, use EC2 instance types that support IPv6, and assign IPv6 addresses to each EC2 instance.

B.

Assign each EC2 instance an IPv6 Elastic IP address. Create a target group, and add the EC2 instances as targets. Create a listener on port 443 of the ALB, and associate the target group with the ALB.

C.

Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and subnets for the NLB, and assign the NLB an IPv6 Elastic IP address.

D.

Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and subnets for the ALB. Create a listener on port 443. and specify the dualstack IP address type on the ALB. Create a target group, and add the EC2 instances as targets. Associate the target group with the ALB.

Question 7

A company wants to set up a continuous delivery pipeline. The company stores application code in a private GitHub repository. The company needs to deploy the application components to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). Amazon EC2, and AWS Lambda. The pipeline must support manual approval actions.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS CodePipeline with Amazon ECS. Amazon EC2, and Lambda as deploy providers.

B.

Use AWS CodePipeline with AWS CodeDeploy as the deploy provider.

C.

Use AWS CodePipeline with AWS Elastic Beanstalk as the deploy provider.

D.

Use AWS CodeDeploy with GitHub integration to deploy the application.

Question 8

A company recently migrated its legacy application from on-premises to AWS. The application is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer which is behind Amazon API Gateway. The company wants to ensure users experience minimal disruptions during any deployment of a new version of the application. The company also wants to ensure it can quickly roll back updates if there is an issue.

Which solution will meet these requirements with MINIMAL changes to the application?

Options:

A.

Introduce changes as a separate environment parallel to the existing one Configure API Gateway to use a canary release deployment to send a small subset of user traffic to the new environment.

B.

Introduce changes as a separate environment parallel to the existing one Update the application ' s DNS alias records to point to the new environment.

C.

Introduce changes as a separate target group behind the existing Application Load Balancer Configure API Gateway to route user traffic to the new target group in steps.

D.

Introduce changes as a separate target group behind the existing Application Load Balancer Configure API Gateway to route all traffic to the Application Load Balancer which then sends the traffic to the new target group.

Question 9

A company wants to use a grid system for a proprietary enterprise m-memory data store on top of AWS. This system can run in multiple server nodes in any Linux-based distribution. The system must be able to reconfigure the entire cluster every time a node is added or removed. When adding or removing nodes an /etc./cluster/nodes config file must be updated listing the IP addresses of the current node members of that cluster.

The company wants to automate the task of adding new nodes to a cluster.

What can a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS OpsWorks Stacks to layer the server nodes of that cluster. Create a Chef recipe that populates the content of the ' etc./cluster/nodes config file and restarts the service by using the current members of the layer. Assign that recipe to the Configure lifecycle event.

B.

Put the file nodes config in version control. Create an AWS CodeDeploy deployment configuration and deployment group based on an Amazon EC2 tag value for thecluster nodes. When adding a new node to the cluster update the file with all tagged instances and make a commit in version control. Deploy the new file and restart the services.

C.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket and upload a version of the /etc./cluster/nodes config file Create a crontab script that will poll for that S3 file and download it frequently. Use a process manager such as Monit or system, to restart the cluster services when it detects that the new file was modified. When adding a node to the cluster edit the file ' s most recent members Upload the new file to the S3 bucket.

D.

Create a user data script that lists all members of the current security group of the cluster and automatically updates the /etc/cluster/. nodes config. Tile whenever a new instance is added to the cluster.

Question 10

A highly regulated company has a policy that DevOps engineers should not log in to their Amazon EC2 instances except in emergencies. It a DevOps engineer does log in the security team must be notified within 15 minutes of the occurrence.

Which solution will meet these requirements ' ?

Options:

A.

Install the Amazon Inspector agent on each EC2 instance Subscribe to Amazon EventBridge notifications Invoke an AWS Lambda function to check if a message is about user logins If it is send a notification to the security team using Amazon SNS.

B.

Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on each EC2 instance Configure the agent to push all logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs and set up a CloudWatch metric filter that searches for user logins. If a login is found send a notification to the security team using Amazon SNS.

C.

Set up AWS CloudTrail with Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Subscribe CloudWatch Logs to Amazon Kinesis Attach AWS Lambda to Kinesis to parse and determine if a log contains a user login If it does, send a notification to the security team using Amazon SNS.

D.

Set up a script on each Amazon EC2 instance to push all logs to Amazon S3 Set up an S3 event to invoke an AWS Lambda function which invokes an Amazon Athena query to run. The Athena query checks tor logins and sends the output to the security team using Amazon SNS.

Question 11

A company is using AWS CodePipeline to automate its release pipeline. AWS CodeDeploy is being used in the pipeline to deploy an application to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) using the blue/green deployment model. The company wants to implement scripts to test the green version of the application before shifting traffic. These scripts will complete in 5 minutes or less. If errors are discovered during these tests, the application must be rolled back.

Which strategy will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add a stage to the CodePipeline pipeline between the source and deploy stages. Use AWS CodeBuild to create a runtime environment and build commands in the buildspec file to invoke test scripts. If errors are found, use the aws deploy stop-deployment command to stop the deployment.

B.

Add a stage to the CodePipeline pipeline between the source and deploy stages. Use this stage to invoke an AWS Lambda function that will run the test scripts. If errors are found, use the aws deploy stop-deployment command to stop the deployment.

C.

Add a hooks section to the CodeDeploy AppSpec file. Use the AfterAllowTestTraffic lifecycle event to invoke an AWS Lambda function to run the test scripts. If errors are found, exit the Lambda function with an error to initiate rollback.

D.

Add a hooks section to the CodeDeploy AppSpec file. Use the AfterAllowTraffic lifecycle event to invoke the test scripts. If errors are found, use the aws deploy stop-deployment CLI command to stop the deployment.

Question 12

A company uses Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server as its primary database for applications. The company needs to ensure high availability within and across AWS Regions.

An Amazon Route 53 CNAME record is configured for the database endpoint. The applications connect to the database endpoint. The company must redirect application traffic to a standby database during a failover event. The company must maintain an RPO of less than 1 minute and an RTO of less than 10 minutes .

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Deploy an Amazon RDS for SQL Server Multi-AZ DB cluster deployment that uses cross-Region read replicas . Use automation to promote the read replica to a standalone instance and to update the Route 53 record.

B.

Deploy an Amazon RDS for SQL Server Multi-AZ DB cluster deployment. Set up automated snapshots to be copied to another Region every 5 minutes. Use AWS Lambda to restore the latest snapshot in the secondary Region during failover.

C.

Deploy an Amazon RDS for SQL Server Single-AZ DB instance . Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to replicate data continuously to an RDS DB instance in another Region. Use Amazon CloudWatch alarms to notify the company about failover events.

D.

Deploy an Amazon RDS for SQL Server Single-AZ DB instance . Configure AWS Backup to create cross-Region backups every 30 seconds. Use automation to restore the latest backup and to update the Route 53 record during failover.

Question 13

A company has many applications. Different teams in the company developed the applications by using multiple languages and frameworks. The applications run on premises and on different servers with different operating systems. Each team has its own release protocol and process. The company wants to reduce the complexity of the release and maintenance of these applications.

The company is migrating its technology stacks, including these applications, to AWS. The company wants centralized control of source code, a consistent and automatic delivery pipeline, and as few maintenance tasks as possible on the underlying infrastructure.

What should a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for all applications. Put each application ' s code in a different branch. Merge the branches, and use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to one centralized application server.

B.

Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications one at a time. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to one centralized application server.

C.

Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications one at a time and to create one AMI for each server. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to automatically provision and decommission Amazon EC2 fleets by using these AMIs.

D.

Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build one Docker image for each application in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) on infrastructure that AWS Fargate manages.

Question 14

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations that has all features enabled to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company has enabled AWS Config in all accounts. The company requires developers to create AWS CloudFormation stacks in a new AWS account to test features for a new application that the developers are building.

The company wants to ensure that the developers can use only approved Amazon EC2 instance types for the application.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function that returns SUCCESS when the EC2 instance type property matches a value from a list of approved instance types. Activate a CloudFormation Guard Hook in the new AWS account to run the Lambda function.

B.

Create an AWS Config rule that uses the desired-instance-type rule in the new AWS account. Provide the list of approved instance types in the rule configuration. Create a remediation for the AWS Config rule that uses the AWS-StopEC2Instance remediation action.

C.

Create an SCP that includes a Deny effect for ec2:RunInstances when the ec2:InstanceType property does not match a value from a list of approved instance types. Attach the SCP to the root of the organization.

D.

Create a CloudFormation Guard rule to ensure that the EC2 instance type matches a value from a list of approved instance types. Activate a Guard Hook in the new AWS account to run the Guard rule.

Question 15

A DevOps engineer is working on a data archival project that requires the migration of on-premises data to an Amazon S3 bucket. The DevOps engineer develops a script that incrementally archives on-premises data that is older than 1 month to Amazon S3. Data that is transferred to Amazon S3 is deleted from the on-premises location The script uses the S3 PutObject operation.

During a code review the DevOps engineer notices that the script does not verity whether the data was successfully copied to Amazon S3. The DevOps engineer must update the script to ensure that data is not corrupted during transmission. The script must use MD5 checksums to verify data integrity before the on-premises data is deleted.

Which solutions for the script will meet these requirements ' ? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Check the returned response for the Versioned Compare the returned Versioned against the MD5 checksum.

B.

Include the MD5 checksum within the Content-MD5 parameter. Check the operation call ' s return status to find out if an error was returned.

C.

Include the checksum digest within the tagging parameter as a URL query parameter.

D.

Check the returned response for the ETag. Compare the returned ETag against the MD5 checksum.

E.

Include the checksum digest within the Metadata parameter as a name-value pair After upload use the S3 HeadObject operation to retrieve metadata from the object.

Question 16

A company has a legacy application A DevOps engineer needs to automate the process of building the deployable artifact for the legacy application. The solution must store the deployable artifact in an existing Amazon S3 bucket for future deployments to reference

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

A.

Create a custom Docker image that contains all the dependencies tor the legacy application Store the custom Docker image in a new Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository Configure a new AWS CodeBuild project to use the custom Docker image to build the deployable artifact and to save the artifact to the S3 bucket.

B.

Launch a new Amazon EC2 instance Install all the dependencies (or the legacy application on the EC2 instance Use the EC2 instance to build the deployable artifact and to save the artifact to the S3 bucket.

C.

Create a custom EC2 Image Builder image Install all the dependencies for the legacy application on the image Launch a new Amazon EC2 instance from the image Use the new EC2 instance to build the deployable artifact and to save the artifact to the S3 bucket.

D.

Create an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster with an AWS Fargate profile that runs in multiple Availability Zones Create a custom Docker image that contains all the dependencies for the legacy application Store the custom Docker image in a new Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository Use the custom Docker image inside the EKS cluster to build the deployable artifact and to save the artifact to the S3 buc

Question 17

A company is hosting a web application in an AWS Region. For disaster recovery purposes, a second region is being used as a standby. Disaster recovery requirements state that session data must be replicated between regions in near-real time and 1% of requests should route to the secondary region to continuously verify system functionality. Additionally, if there is a disruption in service in the main region, traffic should be automatically routed to the secondary region, and the secondary region must be able to scale up to handle all traffic.

How should a DevOps engineer meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

In both regions, deploy the application on AWS Elastic Beanstalk and use Amazon DynamoDB global tables for session data. Use an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy with health checks to distribute the traffic across the regions.

B.

In both regions, launch the application in Auto Scaling groups and use DynamoDB for session data. Use a Route 53 failover routing policy with health checks to distribute the traffic across the regions.

C.

In both regions, deploy the application in AWS Lambda, exposed by Amazon API Gateway, and use Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL with cross-region replication for session data. Deploy the web application with client-side logic to call the API Gateway directly.

D.

In both regions, launch the application in Auto Scaling groups and use DynamoDB global tables for session data. Enable an Amazon CloudFront weighted distribution across regions. Point the Amazon Route 53 DNS record at the CloudFront distribution.

Question 18

A company has a stateless web application that is deployed on Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances are in a target group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Amazon Route 53 manages the application domain.

The company updates the application UI and develops a beta version of the application. The company wants to test the beta version on 10% of its traffic.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST number of configuration changes?

Options:

A.

Deploy the beta version to new EC2 instances in a new target group. Associate the new target group with a new ALB. Update the existing Route 53 record to use a weighted routing policy. Add a new Route 53 record that points to the new ALB with the same routing policy. Assign a weight of 90 to the existing record. Assign a weight of 10 to the new record.

B.

Deploy the beta version to new EC2 instances in a new target group. Associate the new target group with the same ALB listener rule. Assign a weight of 90 to the existing target group. Assign a weight of 10 to the new target group.

C.

Refactor the application to implement a feature flag for the beta version by using AWS AppConfig. Use the feature flag to enable the beta version for 10% of the EC2 instances.

D.

Containerize and deploy the application on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the beta version by using the CodeDeployDefault.ECSCanary10Percent15Minutes deployment configuration.

Question 19

A company is migrating an application to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The company wants to consolidate log data in Amazon CloudWatch in the us-west-2 Region. No CloudWatch log groups currently exist for Amazon ECS.

The company receives the following error code when an ECS task attempts to launch:

“service my-service-name was unable to place a task because no container instance met all of its requirements.”

The ECS task definition includes the following container log configuration:

" logConfiguration " : {

" logDriver " : " awslogs " ,

" options " : {

" awslogs-create-group " : " true " ,

" awslogs-group " : " awslogs-mytask " ,

" awslogs-region " : " us-west-2 " ,

" awslogs-stream-prefix " : " awslogs-mytask " ,

" mode " : " non-blocking " ,

" max-buffer-size " : " 25m "

}

}

The ECS cluster uses an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to provide capacity for tasks. EC2 instances launch an Amazon ECS-optimized AMI.

Which solution will fix the problem?

Options:

A.

Modify the ECS infrastructure IAM role to add the logs:CreateLogStream and logs:PutLogEvents permissions.

B.

Modify the ECS log configuration to use blocking mode.

C.

Modify the ECS container instance IAM role to add the logs:CreateLogStream and logs:PutLogEvents permissions.

D.

Modify the ECS log configuration by setting the awslogs-create-group option to false.

Question 20

A company has a single developer writing code for an automated deployment pipeline. The developer is storing source code in an Amazon S3 bucket for each project. The company wants to add more developers to the team but is concerned about code conflicts and lost work The company also wants to build a test environment to deploy newer versions of code for testing and allow developers to automatically deploy to both environments when code is changed in the repository.

What is the MOST efficient way to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository tor each project, use the mam branch for production code: and create a testing branch for code deployed to testing Use feature branches to develop new features and pull requests to merge code to testing and main branches.

B.

Create another S3 bucket for each project for testing code, and use an AWS Lambda function to promote code changes between testing and production buckets Enable versioning on all buckets to prevent code conflicts.

C.

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository for each project, and use the main branch for production and test code with different deployment pipelines for each environment Use feature branches to develop new features.

D.

Enable versioning and branching on each S3 bucket, use the main branch for production code, and create a testing branch for code deployed to testing. Have developers use each branch for developing in each environment.

Question 21

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. The company has a root OU that has a child OU. The root OU has an SCP that allows all actions on all resources. The child OU has an SCP that allows all actions for Amazon DynamoDB and AWS Lambda, and denies all other actions.

The company has an AWS account that is named vendor-data in the child OU. A DevOps engineer has an 1AM user that is attached to the AdministratorAccess 1AM policy in the vendor-data account. The DevOps engineer attempts to launch an Amazon EC2 instance in the vendor-data account but receives an access denied error.

Which change should the DevOps engineer make to launch the EC2 instance in the vendor-data account?

Options:

A.

Attach the AmazonEC2FullAccess 1AM policy to the 1AM user.

B.

Create a new SCP that allows all actions for Amazon EC2. Attach the SCP to the vendor-data account.

C.

Update the SCP in the child OU to allow all actions for Amazon EC2.

D.

Create a new SCP that allows all actions for Amazon EC2. Attach the SCP to the root OU.

Question 22

A software team is using AWS CodePipeline to automate its Java application release pipeline The pipeline consists of a source stage, then a build stage, and then a deploy stage. Each stage contains a single action that has a runOrder value of 1.

The team wants to integrate unit tests into the existing release pipeline. The team needs a solution that deploys only the code changes that pass all unit tests.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Modify the build stage. Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 1. Use AWS CodeDeploy as the action provider to run unit tests.

B.

Modify the build stage Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 2 Use AWS CodeBuild as the action provider to run unit tests

C.

Modify the deploy stage Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 1 Use AWS CodeDeploy as the action provider to run unit tests

D.

Modify the deploy stage Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 2 Use AWS CodeBuild as the action provider to run unit tests

Question 23

A company is reviewing its 1AM policies. One policy written by the DevOps engineer has been (lagged as too permissive. The policy is used by an AWS Lambda function that issues a stop command to Amazon EC2 instances tagged with Environment: NonProduccion over the weekend. The current policy is:

What changes should the engineer make to achieve a policy ot least permission? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Option A

B.

option B

C.

option C

D.

option D

E.

Option E

F.

Option F

Question 24

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. The company ' s automation account contains a CI/CD pipeline that creates and configures new AWS accounts.

The company has a group of internal service teams that provide services to accounts in the organization. The service teams operate out of a set of services accounts. The service teams want to receive an AWS CloudTrail event in their services accounts when the CreateAccount API call creates a new account.

How should the company share this CloudTrail event with the service accounts?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule in the automation account to send account creation events to the default event bus in the services accounts. Update the default event bus in the services accounts to allow events from the automation account.

B.

Create a custom Amazon EventBridge event bus in the services accounts. Update the custom event bus to allow events from the automation account. Create an EventBridge rule in the services account that directly listens to CloudTrail events from the automation account.

C.

Create a custom Amazon EventBridge event bus in the automation account and the services accounts. Create an EventBridge rule and policy that connects the custom event buses that are in the automation account and the services accounts.

D.

Create a custom Amazon EventBridge event bus in the automation account. Create an EventBridge rule and policy that connects the custom event bus to the default event buses in the services accounts.

Question 25

A company uses Amazon RDS for all databases in Its AWS accounts The company uses AWS Control Tower to build a landing zone that has an audit and logging account All databases must be encrypted at rest for compliance reasons. The company ' s security engineer needs to receive notification about any noncompliant databases that are in the company ' s accounts

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Control Tower to activate the optional detective control (guardrail) to determine whether the RDS storage is encrypted Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic in the company ' s audit account. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to filter noncompliant events from the AWS Control Tower control (guardrail) to notify the SNS topic. Subscribe the security engineer ' s email address to the SNS topic

B.

Use AWS Cloud Formation StackSets to deploy AWS Lambda functions to every account. Write the Lambda function code to determine whether the RDS storage is encrypted in the account the function is deployed to Send the findings as an Amazon CloudWatch metric to the management account Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Create a CloudWatch alarm that notifies the SNS topic when metric thresholds are met. Subscribe t

C.

Create a custom AWS Config rule in every account to determine whether the RDS storage is encrypted Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic in the audit account Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to filter noncompliant events from the AWS Control Tower control (guardrail) to notify the SNS topic. Subscribe the security engineer ' s email address to the SNS topic

D.

Launch an Amazon EC2 instance. Run an hourly cron job by using the AWS CLI to determine whether the RDS storage is encrypted in each AWS account Store the results in an RDS database. Notify the security engineer by sending email messages from the EC2 instance when noncompliance is detected

Question 26

A company uses Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with an Amazon EC2 launch type. The company requires all log data to be centralized on Amazon CloudWatch. The company ' s ECS tasks include a LogConfiguration object that specifies a value of awslogs for the log driver name.

The company ' s ECS tasks failed to deploy. An error message indicates that a missing permission causes the failure. The company confirmed that the IAM role used to launch container instances includes the logs:CreateLogGroup, logs:CreateLogStream, and logs:PutLogEvents permissions.

Which solution will fix the problem?

Options:

A.

Add an IAM trust policy to the IAM role that establishes Amazon ECS as a trusted service.

B.

Add the logs:PutDestination permission to the policy applied to the IAM role.

C.

Remove the logs:CreateLogStream permission from the policy applied to the IAM role.

D.

Add an IAM trust policy to the IAM role that establishes CloudWatch as a trusted service.

Question 27

A company uses Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) for all images of the company ' s containerized infrastructure. The company uses the pull through cache functionality with the /external prefix to avoid throttling when the company retrieves images from external image registries. The company uses AWS Organizations for its accounts.

Every image in the registry must be encrypted with a specific, pre-provisioned AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key. The company ' s internally created images already comply with this policy. However, cached external images use server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3).

The company must remove the noncompliant cache repositories. The company must also implement a secure solution to ensure that all new pull through cache repositories are automatically encrypted with the required KMS key.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Config. Add a custom rule that uses Guard syntax. Write the rule to enable KMS encryption for new repositories.

B.

Configure an ECR repository creation template for the prefix. Specify the KMS key. Wait for the repositories to repopulate.

C.

Configure an SCP for all AWS accounts that requires all ECR repositories to be KMS encrypted.

D.

Create a new Amazon EventBridge rule that triggers on all " ECR Pull Through Cache Action " events. Set AWS KMS as the rule target.

Question 28

A company has an organization in AWS Organizations. A DevOps engineer needs to maintain multiple AWS accounts that belong to different OUs in the organization. All resources, including 1AM policies and Amazon S3 policies within an account, are deployed through AWS CloudFormation. All templates and code are maintained in an AWS CodeCommit repository Recently, some developers have not been able to access an S3 bucket from some accounts in the organization.

The following policy is attached to the S3 bucket.

What should the DevOps engineer do to resolve this access issue?

Options:

A.

Modify the S3 bucket policy Turn off the S3 Block Public Access setting on the S3 bucket In the S3 policy, add the awsSourceAccount condition. Add the AWS account IDs of all developers who are experiencing the issue.

B.

Verify that no 1AM permissions boundaries are denying developers access to the S3 bucket Make the necessary changes to IAM permissions boundaries. Use an AWS Config recorder in the individual developer accounts that are experiencing the issue to revert any changes that are blocking access. Commit the fix back into the CodeCommit repository. Invoke deployment through Cloud Formation to apply the changes.

C.

Configure an SCP that stops anyone from modifying 1AM resources in developer OUs. In the S3 policy, add the awsSourceAccount condition. Add the AWS account IDs of all developers who are experiencing the issue Commit the fix back into the CodeCommit repository Invoke deployment through CloudFormation to apply the changes

D.

Ensure that no SCP is blocking access for developers to the S3 bucket Ensure that no 1AM policy permissions boundaries are denying access to developer 1AM users Make the necessary changes to the SCP and 1AM policy permissions boundaries in the CodeCommit repository Invoke deployment through CloudFormation to apply the changes

Question 29

A large company recently acquired a small company. The large company invited the small company to join the large company ' s existing organization in AWS Organizations as a new OU. A DevOps engineer determines that the small company needs to launch t3.small Amazon EC2 instance types for the company ' s application workloads. The small company needs to deploy the instances only within US-based AWS Regions. The DevOps engineer needs to use an SCP in the small company ' s new OU to ensure that the small company can launch only the required instance types. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure a statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is not equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is not equal to us-.

B.

Configure a statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is not equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is not equal to us-.

C.

Configure a statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to deny the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is equal to us-.

D.

Configure a statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the ec2:InstanceType condition is equal to t3.small. Configure another statement to allow the ec2:RunInstances action for all EC2 instance resources when the aws:RequestedRegion condition is equal to us-.

Question 30

A space exploration company receives telemetry data from multiple satellites. Small packets of data are received through Amazon API Gateway and are placed directly into an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue. A custom application is subscribed to the queue and transforms the data into a standard format.

Because of inconsistencies in the data that the satellites produce, the application is occasionally unable to transform the data. In these cases, the messages remain in the SQS queue. A DevOps engineer must develop a solution that retains the failed messages and makes them available to scientists for review and future processing.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Lambda to poll the SQS queue and invoke a Lambda function to check whether the queue messages are valid. If validation fails, send a copy of the data that is not valid to an Amazon S3 bucket so that the scientists can review and correct the data. When the data is corrected, amend the message in the SQS queue by using a replay Lambda function with the corrected data.

B.

Convert the SQS standard queue to an SQS FIFO queue. Configure AWS Lambda to poll the SQS queue every 10 minutes by using an Amazon EventBridge schedule. Invoke the Lambda function to identify any messages with a SentTimestamp value that is older than 5 minutes, push the data to the same location as the application ' s output location, and remove the messages from the queue.

C.

Create an SQS dead-letter queue. Modify the existing queue by including a redrive policy that sets the Maximum Receives setting to 1 and sets the dead-letter queue ARN to the ARN of the newly created queue. Instruct the scientists to use the dead-letter queue to review the data that is not valid. Reprocess this data at a later time.

D.

Configure API Gateway to send messages to different SQS virtual queues that are named for each of the satellites. Update the application to use a new virtual queue for any data that it cannot transform, and send the message to the new virtual queue. Instruct the scientists to use the virtual queue to review the data that is not valid. Reprocess this data at a later time.

Question 31

A company uses AWS Secrets Manager to store a set of sensitive API keys that an AWS Lambda function uses. When the Lambda function is invoked, the Lambda function retrieves the API keys and makes an API call to an external service. The Secrets Manager secret is encrypted with the default AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key.

A DevOps engineer needs to update the infrastructure to ensure that only the Lambda function ' s execution role can access the values in Secrets Manager. The solution must apply the principle of least privilege.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Update the default KMS key for Secrets Manager to allow only the Lambda function ' s execution role to decrypt.

B.

Create a KMS customer managed key that trusts Secrets Manager and allows the Lambda function ' s execution role to decrypt. Update Secrets Manager to use the new customer managed key.

C.

Create a KMS customer managed key that trusts Secrets Manager and allows the account ' s :root principal to decrypt. Update Secrets Manager to use the new customer managed key.

D.

Ensure that the Lambda function ' s execution role has the KMS permissions scoped on the resource level. Configure the permissions so that the KMS key can encrypt the Secrets Manager secret.

E.

Remove all KMS permissions from the Lambda function ' s execution role.

Question 32

A company is implementing a standardized security baseline across its AWS accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company must deploy consistent IAM roles and policies across all existing and future accounts in the organization. Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Control Tower in the management account. Configure AWS Control Tower Account Factory customization to deploy the required IAM roles and policies to all accounts.

B.

Activate trusted access for AWS CloudFormation StackSets in Organizations. In the management account, create a stack set that has service-managed permissions to deploy the required IAM roles and policies to all accounts. Enable automatic deployment for the stack set.

C.

In each member account, create IAM roles that have permissions to create and manage resources. In the management account, create an AWS CloudFormation stack set that has self-managed permissions to deploy the required IAM roles and policies to all accounts. Enable automatic deployment for the stack set.

D.

In the management account, create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline. Configure the pipeline to use AWS CloudFormation to automate the deployment of the required IAM roles and policies. Set up cross-account IAM roles to allow CodePipeline to deploy resources in the member accounts.

Question 33

A DevOps engineer needs to apply a core set of security controls to an existing set of AWS accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Individual teams will administer individual accounts by using the AdministratorAccess AWS managed policy. For all accounts. AWS CloudTrail and AWS Config must be turned on in all available AWS Regions. Individual account administrators must not be able to edit or delete any of the baseline resources. However, individual account administrators must be able to edit or delete their own CloudTrail trails and AWS Config rules.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines the standard account resources. Deploy the template to all accounts from the organization ' s management account by using CloudFormation StackSets. Set the stack policy to deny Update:Delete actions.

B.

Enable AWS Control Tower. Enroll the existing accounts in AWS Control Tower. Grant the individual account administrators access to CloudTrail and AWS Config.

C.

Designate an AWS Config management account. Create AWS Config recorders in all accounts by using AWS CloudFormation StackSets. Deploy AWS Config rules to the organization by using the AWS Config management account. Create a CloudTrail organization trail in the organization’s management account. Deny modification or deletion of the AWS Config recorders by using an SCP.

D.

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines the standard account resources. Deploy the template to all accounts from the organization ' s management account by using Cloud Formation StackSets Create an SCP that prevents updates or deletions to CloudTrail resources or AWS Config resources unless the principal is an administrator of the organization ' s management account.

Question 34

A company has a search application that has a web interface. The company uses Amazon CloudFront, Application Load Balancers (ALBs), and Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group with a desired capacity of 3. The company uses prebaked AMIs. The application starts in 1 minute. The application queries an Amazon OpenSearch Service cluster. The application is deployed to multiple Availability Zones. Because of compliance requirements, the application needs to have a disaster recovery (DR) environment in a separate AWS Region. The company wants to minimize the ongoing cost of the DR environment and requires an RTO and an RPO of under 30 minutes. The company has created an ALB in the DR Region. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add the new ALB as an origin in the CloudFront distribution. Configure origin failover functionality. Copy the AMI to the DR Region. Create a launch template and an Auto Scaling group with a desired capacity of 0 in the DR Region. Create a new OpenSearch Service cluster in the DR Region. Set up cross-cluster replication for the cluster.

B.

Create a new CloudFront distribution in the DR Region and add the new ALB as an origin. Use Amazon Route 53 DNS for Regional failover. Copy the AMI to the DR Region. Create a launch template and an Auto Scaling group with a desired capacity of 0 in the DR Region. Reconfigure the OpenSearch Service cluster as a Multi-AZ with Standby deployment. Ensure that the standby nodes are in the DR Region.

C.

Create a new CloudFront distribution in the DR Region and add the new ALB as an origin. Use Amazon Route 53 DNS for Regional failover. Copy the AMI to the DR Region. Create a launch template and an Auto Scaling group with a desired capacity of 3 in the DR Region. Reconfigure the OpenSearch Service cluster as a Multi-AZ with Standby deployment. Ensure that the standby nodes are in the DR Region.

D.

Add the new ALB as an origin in the CloudFront distribution. Configure origin failover functionality. Copy the AMI to the DR Region. Create a launch template and an Auto Scaling group with a desired capacity of 3 in the DR Region. Create a new OpenSearch Service cluster in the DR Region. Set up cross-cluster replication for the cluster.

Question 35

A DevOps engineer is building a multistage pipeline with AWS CodePipeline to build, verify, stage, test, and deploy an application. A manual approval stage is required between the test stage and the deploy stage. The development team uses a custom chat tool with webhook support that requires near-real-time notifications.

How should the DevOps engineer configure status updates for pipeline activity and approval requests to post to the chat tool?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs subscription that filters on CodePipeline Pipeline Execution State Change. Publish subscription events to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Subscribe the chat webhook URL to the SNS topic, and complete the subscription validation.

B.

Create an AWS Lambda function that is invoked by AWS CloudTrail events. When a CodePipeline Pipeline Execution State Change event is detected, send the event details to the chat webhook URL.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that filters on CodePipeline Pipeline Execution State Change. Publish the events to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Create an AWS Lambda function that sends event details to the chat webhook URL. Subscribe the function to the SNS topic.

D.

Modify the pipeline code to send the event details to the chat webhook URL at the end of each stage. Parameterize the URL so that each pipeline can send to a different URL based on the pipeline environment.

Question 36

A company operates sensitive workloads across the AWS accounts that are in the company ' s organization in AWS Organizations The company uses an IP address range to delegate IP addresses for Amazon VPC CIDR blocks and all non-cloud hardware.

The company needs a solution that prevents principals that are outside the company ' s IP address range from performing AWS actions In the organization ' s accounts

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Firewall Manager for the organization. Create an AWS Network Firewall policy that allows only source traffic from the company ' s IP address range Set the policy scope to all accounts in the organization.

B.

In Organizations, create an SCP that denies source IP addresses that are outside of the company s IP address range. Attach the SCP to the organization ' s root

C.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty for the organization. Create a GuardDuty trusted IP address list for the company ' s IP range Activate the trusted IP list for the organization.

D.

In Organizations, create an SCP that allows source IP addresses that are inside of the company s IP address range. Attach the SCP to the organization ' s root.

Question 37

A developer is maintaining a fleet of 50 Amazon EC2 Linux servers. The servers are part of an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group, and also use Elastic Load Balancing for load balancing.

Occasionally, some application servers are being terminated after failing ELB HTTP health checks. The developer would like to perform a root cause analysis on the issue, but before being able to access application logs, the server is terminated.

How can log collection be automated?

Options:

A.

Use Auto Scaling lifecycle hooks to put instances in a Pending:Wait state. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for EC2 Instance Terminate Successful and trigger an AWS Lambda function that invokes an SSM Run Command script to collect logs, push them to Amazon S3, and complete the lifecycle action once logs are collected.

B.

Use Auto Scaling lifecycle hooks to put instances in a Terminating:Wait state. Create an AWS Config rule for EC2 Instance-terminate Lifecycle Action and trigger a step function that invokes a script to collect logs, push them to Amazon S3, and complete the lifecycle action once logs are collected.

C.

Use Auto Scaling lifecycle hooks to put instances in a Terminating:Wait state. Create an Amazon CloudWatch subscription filter for EC2 Instance Terminate Successful and trigger a CloudWatch agent that invokes a script to collect logs, push them to Amazon S3, and complete the lifecycle action once logs are collected.

D.

Use Auto Scaling lifecycle hooks to put instances in a Terminating:Wait state. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule for EC2 Instance-terminate Lifecycle Action and trigger an AWS Lambda function that invokes an SSM Run Command script to collect logs, push them to Amazon S3, and complete the lifecycle action once logs are collected.

Question 38

A company releases a new application in a new AWS account. The application includes an AWS Lambda function that processes messages from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SOS) standard queue. The Lambda function stores the results in an Amazon S3 bucket for further downstream processing. The Lambda function needs to process the messages within a specific period of time after the messages are published. The Lambda function has a batch size of 10 messages and takes a few seconds to process a batch of messages.

As load increases on the application ' s first day of service, messages in the queue accumulate at a greater rate than the Lambda function can process the messages. Some messages miss the required processing timelines. The logs show that many messages in the queue have data that is not valid. The company needs to meet the timeline requirements for messages that have valid data.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Increase the Lambda function ' s batch size. Change the SOS standard queue to an SOS FIFO queue. Request a Lambda concurrency increase in the AWS Region.

B.

Reduce the Lambda function ' s batch size. Increase the SOS message throughput quota. Request a Lambda concurrency increase in the AWS Region.

C.

Increase the Lambda function ' s batch size. Configure S3 Transfer Acceleration on the S3 bucket. Configure an SOS dead-letter queue.

D.

Keep the Lambda function ' s batch size the same. Configure the Lambda function to report failed batch items. Configure an SOS dead-letter queue.

Question 39

A company is testing a web application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The company uses a blue green deployment process with immutable instances when deploying new software.

During testing users are being automatically logged out of the application at random times. Testers also report that when a new version of the application is deployed all users are logged out. The development team needs a solution to ensure users remain logged m across scaling events and application deployments.

What is the MOST operationally efficient way to ensure users remain logged in?

Options:

A.

Enable smart sessions on the load balancer and modify the application to check tor an existing session.

B.

Enable session sharing on the toad balancer and modify the application to read from the session store.

C.

Store user session information in an Amazon S3 bucket and modify the application to read session information from the bucket.

D.

Modify the application to store user session information in an Amazon ElastiCache cluster.

Question 40

An IT team has built an AWS CloudFormation template so others in the company can quickly and reliably deploy and terminate an application. The template creates an Amazon EC2 instance with a user data script to install the application and an Amazon S3 bucket that the application uses to serve static webpages while it is running.

All resources should be removed when the CloudFormation stack is deleted. However, the team observes that CloudFormation reports an error during stack deletion, and the S3 bucket created by the stack is not deleted.

How can the team resolve the error in the MOST efficient manner to ensure that all resources are deleted without errors?

Options:

A.

Add a DelelionPolicy attribute to the S3 bucket resource, with the value Delete forcing the bucket to be removed when the stack is deleted.

B.

Add a custom resource with an AWS Lambda function with the DependsOn attribute specifying the S3 bucket, and an IAM role. Write the Lambda function to delete all objects from the bucket when RequestType is Delete.

C.

Identify the resource that was not deleted. Manually empty the S3 bucket and then delete it.

D.

Replace the EC2 and S3 bucket resources with a single AWS OpsWorks Stacks resource. Define a custom recipe for the stack to create and delete the EC2 instance and the S3 bucket.

Question 41

A business has an application that consists of five independent AWS Lambda functions.

The DevOps engineer has built a CI/CD pipeline using AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild that builds tests packages and deploys each Lambda function in sequence. The pipeline uses an Amazon EventBridge rule to ensure the pipeline starts as quickly as possible after a change is made to the application source code.

After working with the pipeline for a few months the DevOps engineer has noticed the pipeline takes too long to complete.

What should the DevOps engineer implement to BEST improve the speed of the pipeline?

Options:

A.

Modify the CodeBuild projects within the pipeline to use a compute type with more available network throughput.

B.

Create a custom CodeBuild execution environment that includes a symmetric multiprocessing configuration to run the builds in parallel.

C.

Modify the CodePipeline configuration to run actions for each Lambda function in parallel by specifying the same runorder.

D.

Modify each CodeBuild protect to run within a VPC and use dedicated instances to increase throughput.

Question 42

A company runs several applications in the same AWS account. The applications send logs to Amazon CloudWatch.

A data analytics team needs to collect performance metrics and custom metrics from the applications. The analytics team needs to transform the metrics data before storing the data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The analytics team must automatically collect any new metrics that are added to the CloudWatch namespace.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Configure a CloudWatch metric stream to include metrics from the application and the CloudWatch namespace. Configure the metric stream to deliver the metrics to an Amazon Data Firehose delivery stream. Configure the Firehose delivery stream to invoke an AWS Lambda function to transform the data. Configure the delivery stream to send the transformed data to the S3 bucket.

B.

Configure a CloudWatch metrics stream to include all the metrics and to deliver the metrics to an Amazon Data Firehose delivery stream. Configure the Firehose delivery stream to invoke an AWS Lambda function to transform the data. Configure the delivery stream to send the transformed data to the S3 bucket.

C.

Configure metric filters for the CloudWatch logs to create custom metrics. Configure a CloudWatch metric stream to deliver the application metrics to the S3 bucket.

D.

Configure subscription filters on the application log groups to target an Amazon Data Firehose delivery stream. Configure the Firehose delivery stream to invoke an AWS Lambda function to transform the data. Configure the delivery stream to send the transformed data to the S3 bucket.

Question 43

A company deploys an application on on-premises devices in the company ' s on-premises data center. The company uses an AWS Direct Connect connection between the data center and the company ' s AWS account. During initial setup of the on-premises devices and during application updates, the application needs to retrieve configuration files from an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. All traffic from the on-premises devices to Amazon EFS must remain private and encrypted. The on-premises devices must follow the principle of least privilege for AWS access. The company ' s DevOps team needs the ability to revoke access from a single device without affecting the access of the other devices. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an IAM user that has an access key and a secret key for each device. Attach the AmazonElasticFileSystemFullAccess policy to all IAM users. Configure the AWS CLI on the on-premises devices to use the IAM user ' s access key and secret key.

B.

Generate certificates for each on-premises device in AWS Private Certificate Authority. Create a trust anchor in IAM Roles Anywhere that references an AWS Private CA. Create an IAM role that trusts IAM Roles Anywhere. Attach the AmazonElasticFileSystemClientReadWriteAccess to the role. Create an IAM Roles Anywhere profile for the IAM role. Configure the AWS CLI on the on-premises devices to use the aws_signing_helper command to obtain crede

C.

Create an IAM user that has an access key and a secret key for all devices. Attach the AmazonElasticFileSystemClientReadWriteAccess policy to the IAM user. Configure the AWS CLI on the on-premises devices to use the IAM user ' s access key and secret key.

D.

Use the amazon-efs-utils package to mount the EFS file system.

E.

Use the native Linux NFS client to mount the EFS file system.

Question 44

A company runs an application on Amazon EC2 instances. The company uses a series of AWS CloudFormation stacks to define the application resources. A developer performs updates by building and testing the application on a laptop and then uploading the build output and CloudFormation stack templates to Amazon S3. The developer ' s peers review the changes before the developer performs the CloudFormation stack update and installs a new version of the application onto the EC2 instances.

The deployment process is prone to errors and is time-consuming when the developer updates each EC2 instance with the new application. The company wants to automate as much of the application deployment process as possible while retaining a final manual approval step before the modification of the application or resources.

The company already has moved the source code for the application and the CloudFormation templates to AWS CodeCommit. The company also has created an AWS CodeBuild project to build and test the application.

Which combination of steps will meet the company’s requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Create an application group and a deployment group in AWS CodeDeploy. Install the CodeDeploy agent on the EC2 instances.

B.

Create an application revision and a deployment group in AWS CodeDeploy. Create an environment in CodeDeploy. Register the EC2 instances to the CodeDeploy environment.

C.

Use AWS CodePipeline to invoke the CodeBuild job, run the CloudFormation update, and pause for a manual approval step. After approval, start the AWS CodeDeploy deployment.

D.

Use AWS CodePipeline to invoke the CodeBuild job, create CloudFormation change sets for each of the application stacks, and pause for a manual approval step. After approval, run the CloudFormation change sets and start the AWS CodeDeploy deployment.

E.

Use AWS CodePipeline to invoke the CodeBuild job, create CloudFormation change sets for each of the application stacks, and pause for a manual approval step. After approval, start the AWS CodeDeploy deployment.

Question 45

A large enterprise is deploying a web application on AWS. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The application stores data in an Amazon RDS for Oracle DB instance and Amazon DynamoDB. There are separate environments tor development testing and production.

What is the MOST secure and flexible way to obtain password credentials during deployment?

Options:

A.

Retrieve an access key from an AWS Systems Manager securestring parameter to access AWS services. Retrieve the database credentials from a Systems Manager SecureString parameter.

B.

Launch the EC2 instances with an EC2 1AM role to access AWS services Retrieve the database credentials from AWS Secrets Manager.

C.

Retrieve an access key from an AWS Systems Manager plaintext parameter to access AWS services. Retrieve the database credentials from a Systems Manager SecureString parameter.

D.

Launch the EC2 instances with an EC2 1AM role to access AWS services Store the database passwords in an encrypted config file with the application artifacts.

Question 46

A company has deployed an application in a single AWS Region. The application backend uses Amazon DynamoDB tables and Amazon S3 buckets.

The company wants to deploy the application in a secondary Region. The company must ensure that the data in the DynamoDB tables and the S3 buckets persists across both Regions. The data must also immediately propagate across Regions.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Implement two-way S3 bucket replication between the primary Region ' s S3 buckets and the secondary Region ' s S3 buckets. Convert the DynamoDB tables into global tables. Set the secondary Region as the additional Region.

B.

Implement S3 Batch Operations copy jobs between the primary Region and the secondary Region for all S3 buckets. Convert the DynamoDB tables into global tables. Set the secondary Region as the additional Region.

C.

Implement two-way S3 bucket replication between the primary Region ' s S3 buckets and the secondary Region ' s S3 buckets. Enable DynamoDB streams on the DynamoDB tables in both Regions. In each Region, create an AWS Lambda function that subscribes to the DynamoDB streams. Configure the Lambda function to copy new records to the DynamoDB tables in the other Region.

D.

Implement S3 Batch Operations copy jobs between the primary Region and the secondary Region for all S3 buckets. Enable DynamoDB streams on the DynamoDB tables in both Regions. In each Region, create an AWS Lambda function that subscribes to the DynamoDB streams. Configure the Lambda function to copy new records to the DynamoDB tables in the other Region.

Question 47

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company ' s internal auditors have administrative access to a single audit account within the organization. A DevOps engineer needs to provide a solution to give the auditors read-only access to all accounts within the organization, including new accounts created in the future. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS IAM Identity Center for the organization. Create a read-only access permission set. Create a permission group that includes the auditors. Grant access to every account in the organization to the auditor permission group by using the read-only access permission set.

B.

Create an AWS CloudFormation stack set to deploy an IAM role that trusts the audit account and allows read-only access. Enable automatic deployment for the stack set. Set the organization root as a deployment target.

C.

Create an SCP that provides read-only access for users in the audit account. Apply the policy to the organization root.

D.

Enable AWS Config in the organization management account. Create an AWS managed rule to check for a role in each account that trusts the audit account and allows read-only access. Enable automated remediation to create the role if it does not exist.

Question 48

A company has a guideline that every Amazon EC2 instance must be launched from an AMI that the company ' s security team produces. Every month, the security team sends an email message with the latest approved AMIs to all the development teams. The development teams use AWS CloudFormation to deploy their applications. When developers launch a new service, they have to search their email for the latest AMIs that the security department sent. A DevOps engineer wants to automate the process that the security team uses to provide the AMI IDs to the development teams. What is the MOST scalable solution that meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Direct the security team to use CloudFormation to create new versions of the AMIs and to list the AMI ARNs in an encrypted Amazon S3 object as part of the stack ' s Outputs section. Instruct the developers to use a cross-stack reference to load the encrypted S3 object and obtain the most recent AMI ARNs.

B.

Direct the security team to use a CloudFormation stack to create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that builds new AMIs and places the latest AMI ARNs in an encrypted Amazon S3 object as part of the pipeline output. Instruct the developers to use a cross-stack reference within their own CloudFormation template to obtain the S3 object location and the most recent AMI ARNs.

C.

Direct the security team to use Amazon EC2 Image Builder to create new AMIs and to place the AMI ARNs as parameters in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Instruct the developers to specify a parameter of type SSM in their CloudFormation stack to obtain the most recent AMI ARNs from Parameter Store.

D.

Direct the security team to use Amazon EC2 Image Builder to create new AMIs and to create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic so that every development team can receive notifications. When the development teams receive a notification, instruct them to write an AWS Lambda function that will update their CloudFormation stack with the most recent AMI ARNs.

Question 49

A company uses Amazon EC2 as its primary compute platform. A DevOps team wants to audit the company ' s EC2 instances to check whether any prohibited applications have been installed on the EC2 instances.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Systems Manager on each instance Use AWS Systems Manager Inventory Use Systems Manager resource data sync to synchronize and store findings in an Amazon S3 bucket Create an AWS Lambda function that runs when new objects are added to the S3 bucket. Configure the Lambda function to identify prohibited applications.

B.

Configure AWS Systems Manager on each instance Use Systems Manager Inventory Create AWS Config rules that monitor changes from Systems Manager Inventory to identify prohibited applications.

C.

Configure AWS Systems Manager on each instance. Use Systems Manager Inventory. Filter a trail in AWS CloudTrail for Systems Manager Inventory events to identify prohibited applications.

D.

Designate Amazon CloudWatch Logs as the log destination for all application instances Run an automated script across all instances to create an inventory of installed applications Configure the script to forward the results to CloudWatch Logs Create a CloudWatch alarm that uses filter patterns to search log data to identify prohibited applications.

Question 50

A company wants to improve its security practices by enforcing least privilege across all projects. Developers must be able to access Amazon EC2 resources but not Amazon RDS resources. Database administrators must have access only to Amazon RDS resources.

Every employee has a unique IAM user. There are already pre-existing IAM policies for developer and database administrator job functions. All AWS resources are already tagged with appropriate project tags. All the IAM users are tagged with the appropriate project and job function.

The company must ensure that each employee can access only the project that the employee is working on.

Which solution will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

For each project, create one IAM role for developers and one IAM role for database administrators. Tag the IAM roles with the corresponding projects and job functions.

B.

Modify the pre-existing IAM policies to include a StringEquals condition that compares the ResourceTag for projects with the PrincipalTag value. Attach the modified policies to the IAM roles for each job function.

C.

Create an IAM policy that allows users to assume a role only when the ResourceTag values match the PrincipalTag values for project tags and job function tags. Attach the new policy to all IAM users.

D.

Create an IAM policy that allows users to assume a role only when the ResourceTag values match the PrincipalTag values for project tags and job function tags. Attach the new policy to the IAM roles for each job function.

E.

Tag the pre-existing IAM policies with the appropriate projects and job functions. Attach the modified policies to IAM roles for each job function.

F.

For each project, create one IAM group for developers and one IAM group for database administrators. Add the appropriate users to each group so the users can assume their respective IAM roles.

Question 51

A company needs to update its order processing application to improve resilience and availability. The application requires a stateful database and uses a single-node Amazon RDS DB instance to store customer orders and transaction history. A DevOps engineer must make the database highly available.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Migrate the database to Amazon DynamoDB global tables. Configure automatic failover between AWS Regions by using Amazon Route 53 health checks.

B.

Migrate the database to Amazon EC2 instances in multiple Availability Zones. Use Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) Mult-Attach to connect all the instances to a single EBS volume.

C.

Use the RDS DB instance as the source instance to create read replicas in multiple Availability Zones. Deploy an Application Load Balancer to d istribute read traffic across the read replicas.

D.

Modify the RDS DB instance to be a Multi-AZ deployment. Verify automatic failover to the standby instance if the primary instance becomes unavailable.

Question 52

A company has an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that is configured with an Amazon S3 bucket in the eu-west-1 Region. The pipeline deploys an AWS Lambda application to the same Region. The pipeline consists of an AWS CodeBuild project build action and an AWS CloudFormation deploy action.

The CodeBuild project uses the aws cloudformation package AWS CLI command to build an artifact that contains the Lambda function code’s .zip file and the CloudFormation template. The CloudFormation deploy action references the CloudFormation template from the output artifact of the CodeBuild project’s build action.

The company wants to also deploy the Lambda application to the us-east-1 Region by using the pipeline in eu-west-1. A DevOps engineer has already updated the CodeBuild project to use the aws cloudformation package command to produce an additional output artifact for us-east-1.

Which combination of additional steps should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Modify the CloudFormation template to include a parameter for the Lambda function code’s zip file location. Create a new CloudFormation deploy action for us-east-1 in the pipeline. Configure the new deploy action to pass in the us-east-1 artifact location as a parameter override.

B.

Create a new CloudFormation deploy action for us-east-1 in the pipeline. Configure the new deploy action to use the CloudFormation template from the us-east-1 output artifact.

C.

Create an S3 bucket in us-east-1. Configure the S3 bucket policy to allow CodePipeline to have read and write access.

D.

Create an S3 bucket in us-east-1. Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) from the S3 bucket in eu-west-1 to the S3 bucket in us-east-1.

E.

Modify the pipeline to include the S3 bucket for us-east-1 as an artifact store. Create a new CloudFormation deploy action for us-east-1 in the pipeline. Configure the new deploy action to use the CloudFormation template from the us-east-1 output artifact.

Question 53

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy to automate software deployment. The deployment must meet these requirements:

• A number of instances must be available to serve traffic during the deployment Traffic must be balanced across those instances, and the instances must automatically heal in the event of failure.

• A new fleet of instances must be launched for deploying a new revision automatically, with no manual provisioning.

• Traffic must be rerouted to the new environment to half of the new instances at a time. The deployment should succeed if traffic is rerouted to at least half of the instances; otherwise, it should fail.

• Before routing traffic to the new fleet of instances, the temporary files generated during the deployment process must be deleted.

• At the end of a successful deployment, the original instances in the deployment group must be deleted immediately to reduce costs.

How can a DevOps engineer meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use an Application Load Balancer and an in-place deployment. Associate the Auto Scaling group with the deployment group. Use the Automatically copy Auto Scaling group option. and use CodeDeployDefault.OneAtAtime as the deployment configuration. Instruct AWS CodeDeploy to terminate the original instances in the deployment group, and use the AllowTraffic hook within appspec.yml to delete the temporary files.

B.

Use an Application Load Balancer and a blue/green deployment. Associate the Auto Scaling group and Application Load Balancer target group with the deployment group. Use the Automatically copy Auto Scaling group option, create a custom deployment configuration with minimum healthy hosts defined as 50%. and assign the configuration to the deployment group. Instruct AWS CodeDeploy to terminate the original instances in the deployment group, an

C.

Use an Application Load Balancer and a blue/green deployment. Associate the Auto Scaling group and the Application Load Balancer target group with the deployment group. Use the Automatically copy Auto scaling group option, and use CodeDeployDefault.HalfAtAtime as the deployment configuration. Instruct AWSCodeDeploy to terminate the original instances in the deployment group, and use the BeforeAlIowTraffic hook within appspec.yml to delete t

D.

Use an Application Load Balancer and an in-place deployment. Associate the Auto Scaling group and Application Load Balancer target group with the deployment group. Use the Automatically copy Auto Scaling group option, and use CodeDeployDefaulLAIIatOnce as a deployment configuration. Instruct AWS CodeDeploy to terminate the original instances in the deployment group, and use the BlockTraffic hook within appspec.yml to delete the temporary fi

Question 54

A company is developing a web application and is using AWS CodeBuild for its CI/CD pipeline. The company must generate multiple artifacts from a single build process. The company also needs the ability to determine which build generated each artifact. The artifacts must be stored in an Amazon S3 bucket for further processing and deployment. Builds occur frequently and are based on a large Git repository. The company needs to optimize build times. Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Configure the buildspec.yml file to specify multiple artifacts with different file sets. Enable local caching for the build process by using source cache mode. Use environment variables to dynamically name artifacts based on the build ID.

B.

Configure the buildspec.yml file to output all files as a single artifact. Enable local caching for the build process by using custom cache mode. Create an AWS Lambda function that is invoked by CodeBuild completion. Program the Lambda function to split the artifact into multiple files and to upload the files to the S3 bucket with dynamic names based on build ID.

C.

Create separate CodeBuild projects for each artifact type. Enable local caching for the build process by using Docker layer cache mode. Configure each project to output a single artifact to the S3 bucket with a dynamic name based on build ID. Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the projects in parallel.

D.

Set up CodeBuild to generate a single ZIP artifact that contains all files. Enable S3 caching for the build process. Use AWS CodePipeline with a custom action to extract the files and reorganize the files into multiple artifacts in the S3 bucket. Configure the custom action to dynamically name the files based on the time of the build.

Question 55

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. The company recently acquired another company that has standalone AWS accounts. The acquiring company ' s DevOps team needs to consolidate the administration of the AWS accounts for both companies and retain full administrative control of the accounts. The DevOps team also needs to collect and group findings across all the accounts to implement and maintain a security posture.

Which combination of steps should the DevOps team take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Invite the acquired company ' s AWS accounts to join the organization. Create an SCP that has full administrative privileges. Attach the SCP to the management account.

B.

Invite the acquired company ' s AWS accounts to join the organization. Create the OrganizationAccountAccessRole 1AM role in the invited accounts. Grant permission to the management account to assume the role.

C.

Use AWS Security Hub to collect and group findings across all accounts. Use Security Hub to automatically detect new accounts as the accounts are added to the organization.

D.

Use AWS Firewall Manager to collect and group findings across all accounts. Enable all features for the organization. Designate an account in the organization as the delegated administrator account for Firewall Manager.

E.

Use Amazon Inspector to collect and group findings across all accounts. Designate an account in the organization as the delegated administrator account for Amazon Inspector.

Question 56

A company has started using AWS across several teams. Each team has multiple accounts and unique security profiles. The company manages the accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations. Each account has its own configuration and security controls.

The company ' s DevOps team wants to use preventive and detective controls to govern all accounts. The DevOps team needs to ensure the security of accounts now and in the future as the company creates new accounts in the organization.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Organizations to create OUs that have appropriate SCPs attached for each team. Place each team in the appropriate OUs to apply security controls. Create any new team accounts in the appropriate OUs.

B.

Create an AWS Control Tower landing zone. Configure OUs and appropriate controls in AWS Control Tower for the existing teams. Configure trusted access for AWS Control Tower. Enroll the existing accounts in the appropriate OUs that match the appropriate security policies for each team. Use AWS Control Tower to provision any new accounts.

C.

Create AWS CloudFormation stack sets in the organization ' s management account. Configure a stack set that deploys AWS Config with configuration rules and remediation actions for all controls to each account in the organization. Update the stack sets to deploy to new accounts as the accounts are created.

D.

Configure AWS Config to manage the AWS Config rules across all AWS accounts in the organization. Deploy conformance packs that provide AWS Config rules and remediation actions across the organization.

Question 57

A company manages environments for its application in multiple AWS accounts. Each environment account is in a different OU in AWS Organizations.

A DevOps team is responsible for the application deployment process across the environments. The deployment process uses an AWS CodePipeline pipeline in a Shared Services account. The DevOps team members are in the same user group. The team members have administrative access to all accounts through AWS IAM Identity Center.

A recent deployment problem in the development environment required the DevOps team to perform manual steps. The deployment to the production environment then resulted in an incident that caused the pipeline to fail, blocking new deployments for several hours.

A DevOps engineer needs to ensure that only the pipeline can perform deployments in the production environment. The DevOps engineer must have access to the environment in case of an emergency.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Update the DevOps group to have the ReadOnlyAccess permission set for the production accounts. Configure the DevOps engineer user with a new permission set that has AdministratorAccess permissions and that allows the user to assume the pipeline role. Add an SCP that denies modification of resources by any entity other than the pipeline role.

B.

Create an SCP that denies all write actions for the DevOps team members on the production OU. Configure a new user in IAM Identity Center for the DevOps engineer with a new permission set that has AdministratorAccess permissions. Add an SCP that denies modification of resources by any entity other than the pipeline role.

C.

Update the DevOps group to be able to assume the pipeline role for the production accounts. Configure a new user in IAM Identity Center for the DevOps engineer with a new permission set that has AdministratorAccess permissions. Add an SCP that denies modification of resources by any entity other than the DevOps engineer.

D.

Create an SCP that denies all write actions for the DevOps team members on the production OU. Use a specific tag to tag the resources that CodePipeline provisions. Add an SCP that denies modification of tagged resources by any entity other than the DevOps engineer.

Question 58

A DevOps engineer is setting up a container-based architecture. The engineer has decided to use AWS CloudFormation to automatically provision an Amazon ECS cluster and an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to launch the EC2 container instances. After successfully creating the CloudFormation stack, the engineer noticed that, even though the ECS cluster and the EC2 instances were created successfully and the stack finished the creation, the EC2 instances were associating with a different cluster.

How should the DevOps engineer update the CloudFormation template to resolve this issue?

Options:

A.

Reference the EC2 instances in the AWS: ECS: Cluster resource and reference the ECS cluster in the AWS: ECS: Service resource.

B.

Reference the ECS cluster in the AWS: AutoScaling: LaunchConfiguration resource of the UserData property.

C.

Reference the ECS cluster in the AWS:EC2: lnstance resource of the UserData property.

D.

Reference the ECS cluster in the AWS: CloudFormation: CustomResource resource to trigger an AWS Lambda function that registers the EC2 instances with the appropriate ECS cluster.

Question 59

A DevOps engineer uses AWS WAF to manage web ACLs across an AWS account. The DevOps engineer must ensure that AWS WAF is enabled for all Application Load Balancers (ALBs) in the account. The DevOps engineer uses an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy an individual ALB and AWS WAF as part of each application stack ' s deployment process. If AWS WAF is removed from the ALB after the ALB is deployed, AWS WAF must be added to the ALB automatically.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Config. Add the alb-waf-enabled managed rule. Create an AWS Systems Manager Automation document to add AWS WAF to an ALB. Edit the rule to automatically remediate. Select the Systems Manager Automation document as the remediation action.

B.

Enable AWS Config. Add the alb-waf-enabled managed rule. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to send all AWS Config ConfigurationItemChangeNotification notification types to an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to call the AWS Config start-resource-evaluation API in detective mode.

C.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to periodically call an AWS Lambda function that calls the detect-stack-drift API on the CloudFormation template. Configure the Lambda function to modify the ALB attributes with waf.fail_open.enabled set to true if the AWS::WAFv2::WebACLAssociation resource shows a status of drifted.

D.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to periodically call an AWS Lambda function that calls the detect-stack-drift API on the CloudFormation template. Configure the Lambda function to delete and redeploy the CloudFormation stack if the AWS::WAFv2::WebACLAssociation resource shows a status of drifted.

Question 60

A company manages a large fleet of Amazon EC2 Linux instances in its production AWS account by using AWS Systems Manager . The EC2 instances must comply with a list of compliance requirements.

The company ' s DevOps engineers wrote Chef cookbooks to detect and remediate configuration deviations. The company does not want to manage a Chef server and agent infrastructure.

The DevOps engineers need to set up the Chef cookbooks to run periodically on the EC2 instances.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a Systems Manager State Manager association . Associate the AWS-ApplyChefRecipes document with all EC2 instances. Configure the association to retrieve the Chef cookbooks from a source repository and to run every hour.

B.

Store the Chef agent installation package in an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure a Systems Manager Run Command to invoke the AWS-InstallApplication command on all instances and to run the repair action. Schedule the Run Command to run every hour.

C.

Create a Systems Manager State Manager association that applies the AWS-RefreshAssociation document to all EC2 instances. Configure the association to run every hour.

D.

Configure a Systems Manager patch policy to run the scan and install operation every hour. Create a patch baseline for the EC2 instances. Configure the instance IAM profile with permissions for patch operations.

Question 61

A DevOps engineer is planning to use the AWS Cloud Development Kit (AWS CDK) to manage infrastructure as code (IaC) for a microservices-based application. The DevOps engineer must create reusable components for common infrastructure patterns and must apply the same cost allocation tags across different microservices.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a custom CDK construct library that includes common infrastructure patterns. Create a CDK app. Use the TagManager class to add cost allocation tags to the whole app. Use the custom CDK construct library to write a higher-level construct that contains all the microservices. Deploy the microservices as a single CDK stack with environment-specific configurations.

B.

Create a custom CDK construct library that includes common infrastructure patterns. Create a CDK app. Use the Tags class to add cost allocation tags to the whole app. Use the custom CDK construct library to write higher-level constructs for each microservice. Deploy the microservices as separate CDK stacks with environment-specific configurations.

C.

Create AWS Service Catalog products that contain common infrastructure components. Create a CDK app. Use the TagManager class to add cost allocation tags to the whole app. Use the Service Catalog products to write a higher-level construct that contains all the microservices. Deploy the microservices as a single CDK stack with environment-specific configurations.

D.

Create AWS Service Catalog products that contain common infrastructure components. Create a CDK app. Use the Tags class to add cost allocation tags to the whole app. Use the Service Catalog products to write higher-level constructs for each microservice. Deploy the microservices as separate CDK stacks with environment-specific configurations.

Question 62

A company recently deployed its web application on AWS. The company is preparing for a large-scale sales event and must ensure that the web application can scale to meet the demand

The application ' s frontend infrastructure includes an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has an Amazon S3 bucket as an origin. The backend infrastructure includes an Amazon API Gateway API. several AWS Lambda functions, and an Amazon Aurora DB cluster

The company ' s DevOps engineer conducts a load test and identifies that the Lambda functions can fulfill the peak number of requests However, the DevOps engineer notices request latency during the initial burst of requests Most of the requests to the Lambda functions produce queries to the database A large portion of the invocation time is used to establish database connections

Which combination of steps will provide the application with the required scalability? (Select TWO)

Options:

A.

Configure a higher reserved concurrency for the Lambda functions.

B.

Configure a higher provisioned concurrency for the Lambda functions

C.

Convert the DB cluster to an Aurora global database Add additional Aurora Replicas in AWS Regions based on the locations of the company ' s customers.

D.

Refactor the Lambda Functions Move the code blocks that initialize database connections into the function handlers.

E.

Use Amazon RDS Proxy to create a proxy for the Aurora database Update the Lambda functions to use the proxy endpoints for database connections.

Question 63

A company manages an application that stores logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The company wants to archive the logs to an Amazon S3 bucket. Logs are rarely accessed after 90 days and must be retained for 10 years.

Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Configure a CloudWatch Logs subscription filter to use AWS Glue to transfer all logs to an S3 bucket.

B.

Configure a CloudWatch Logs subscription filter to use Amazon Data Firehose to stream all logs to an S3 bucket.

C.

Configure a CloudWatch Logs subscription filter to stream all logs to an S3 bucket.

D.

Configure the S3 bucket lifecycle policy to transition logs to S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval after 90 days and to expire logs after 3,650 days.

E.

Configure the S3 bucket lifecycle policy to transition logs to Reduced Redundancy after 90 days and to expire logs after 3,650 days.

Question 64

A company requires all employees to access secrets via Systems Manager Parameter Store with rotation every 60 days.

The company must add a new secret for an Amazon ElastiCache Redis cluster.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create the secret in Secrets Manager with managed rotation (60 days). Reference via Parameter Store path.

B.

Create the secret in Parameter Store with automatic rotation (unsupported).

C.

Create the secret in Parameter Store and Lambda rotation (manual).

D.

Create the secret in Secrets Manager with Lambda rotation using Redis rotation template and 60-day schedule. Reference via Parameter Store path.

Question 65

A company’s EC2 fleet must maintain up-to-date security patches and compliance reporting.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with AWS Config compliance rules and automation documents.

B.

SSH into each instance manually.

C.

Rebuild instances in Auto Scaling groups with latest AMIs.

D.

Use CloudFormation redeployment for every patch.

Question 66

A company requires its internal business teams to launch resources through pre-approved AWS CloudFormation templates only. The security team requires automated monitoring when resources drift from their expected state.

Which strategy should be used to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Allow users to deploy CloudFormation stacks using a CloudFormation service role only. Use CloudFormation drift detection to detect when resources have drifted from their expected state.

B.

Allow users to deploy CloudFormation stacks using a CloudFormation service role only. Use AWS Config rules to detect when resources have drifted from their expected state.

C.

Allow users to deploy CloudFormation stacks using AWS Service Catalog only. Enforce the use of a launch constraint. Use AWS Config rules to detect when resources have drifted from their expected state.

D.

Allow users to deploy CloudFormation stacks using AWS Service Catalog only. Enforce the use of a template constraint. Use Amazon EventBridge notifications to detect when resources have drifted from their expected state.

Question 67

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company has enabled all features for the organization. The member accounts under one OU contain S3 buckets that store sensitive data.

A DevOps engineer wants to ensure that only IAM principals from within the organization can access the S3 buckets in the OU.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Create an SCP in the management account of the organization to restrict Amazon S3 actions by using the aws:PrincipalAccount condition. Apply the SCP to the OU.

B.

Create an IAM permissions boundary in the management account of the organization to restrict access to Amazon S3 actions by using the aws:PrincipalOrgID condition.

C.

Configure AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to restrict access to S3 buckets in the OU so the S3 buckets cannot be shared outside the organization.

D.

Create a resource control policy (RCP) in the management account of the organization to restrict Amazon S3 actions by using the aws:PrincipalOrgID condition. Apply the RCP to the OU.

Question 68

A company uses the AWS Cloud Development Kit (AWS CDK) to define its application. The company uses a pipeline that consists of AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild to deploy the CDK application. The company wants to introduce unit tests to the pipeline to test various infrastructure components. The company wants to ensure that a deployment proceeds if no unit tests result in a failure.

Which combination of steps will enforce the testing requirement in the pipeline? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Update the CodeBuild build phase commands to run the tests then to deploy the application. Set the OnFailure phase property to ABORT.

B.

Update the CodeBuild build phase commands to run the tests then to deploy the application. Add the --rollback true flag to the cdk deploy command.

C.

Update the CodeBuild build phase commands to run the tests then to deploy the application. Add the --require-approval any-change flag to the cdk deploy command.

D.

Create a test that uses the AWS CDK assertions module. Use the template.hasResourceProperties assertion to test that resources have the expected properties.

E.

Create a test that uses the cdk diff command. Configure the test to fail if any resources have changed.

Question 69

A company runs hundreds of EC2 instances with new instances launched/terminated hourly. Security requires all running instances to have an instance profile attached. A default profile exists and must be attached automatically to any instance missing one.

Which solution meets this requirement?

Options:

A.

EventBridge rule for RunInstances API calls, invoke Lambda to attach default profile.

B.

AWS Config with ec2-instance-profile-attached managed rule, automatic remediation using Systems Manager Automation runbook to attach profile.

C.

EventBridge rule for StartInstances API calls, invoke Systems Manager Automation runbook to attach profile.

D.

AWS Config iam-role-managed-policy-check managed rule, automatic remediation with Lambda to attach profile.

Question 70

A DevOps engineer needs to back up sensitive Amazon S3 objects that are stored within an S3 bucket with a private bucket policy using S3 cross-Region replication functionality. The objects need to be copied to a target bucket in a different AWS Region and account.

Which combination of actions should be performed to enable this replication? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Create a replication IAM role in the source account

B.

Create a replication I AM role in the target account.

C.

Add statements to the source bucket policy allowing the replication IAM role to replicate objects.

D.

Add statements to the target bucket policy allowing the replication IAM role to replicate objects.

E.

Create a replication rule in the source bucket to enable the replication.

F.

Create a replication rule in the target bucket to enable the replication.

Question 71

A company is divided into teams Each team has an AWS account and all the accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Each team must retain full administrative rights to its AWS account. Each team also must be allowed to access only AWS services that the company approves for use AWS services must gam approval through a request and approval process.

How should a DevOps engineer configure the accounts to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to provision IAM policies in each account to deny access to restricted AWS services. In each account configure AWS Config rules that ensure that the policies are attached to IAM principals in the account.

B.

Use AWS Control Tower to provision the accounts into OUs within the organization Configure AWS Control Tower to enable AWS IAM identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On). Configure 1AM Identity Center to provide administrative access Include deny policies on user roles for restricted AWS services.

C.

Place all the accounts under a new top-level OU within the organization Create an SCP that denies access to restricted AWS services Attach the SCP to the OU.

D.

Create an SCP that allows access to only approved AWS services. Attach the SCP to the root OU of the organization. Remove the FullAWSAccess SCP from the root OU of the organization.

Question 72

A company uses a series of individual Amazon Cloud Formation templates to deploy its multi-Region Applications. These templates must be deployed in a specific order. The company is making more changes to the templates than previously expected and wants to deploy new templates more efficiently. Additionally, the data engineering team must be notified of all changes to the templates.

What should the company do to accomplish these goals?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function to deploy the Cloud Formation templates m the required order Use stack policies to alert the data engineering team.

B.

Host the Cloud Formation templates in Amazon S3 Use Amazon S3 events to directly trigger CloudFormation updates and Amazon SNS notifications.

C.

Implement CloudFormation StackSets and use drift detection to trigger update alerts to the data engineering team.

D.

Leverage CloudFormation nested stacks and stack sets (or deployments Use Amazon SNS to notify the data engineering team.

Question 73

A company runs a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in a VPC. The company ' s employees remotely access the EC2 instances by using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The company wants to collect metrics about how many RDP sessions the employees initiate every day. Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EC2 Instance State-change Notification events.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Specify the log group as a target for the EventBridge rule.

C.

Create a flow log in VPC Flow Logs.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Specify the log group as a destination for the flow log.

E.

Create a log group metric filter.

F.

Create a log group subscription filter. Use EventBridge as the destination.

Question 74

A company uses machine learning on transactional data that a development team uploads from multiple sources to an Amazon S3 bucket. The development team finds duplicate objects in the S3 bucket across multiple prefixes. The duplications are increasing the company ' s storage costs.

The company wants to implement an automated solution to identify and remove duplicate objects from the S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon S3 Storage Lens to scan the S3 bucket and prefixes, create an inventory of the duplicate objects, and invoke an AWS Lambda function to delete the duplicate objects.

B.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to record data events for the S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to query S3 data events to identify duplicate objects. Use an AWS Lambda function to delete duplicate objects.

C.

Use Amazon S3 Inventory to generate reports. Use Amazon Athena to query the reports based on ETag values. Use S3 Batch Operations and an AWS Lambda function to remove duplicate objects.

D.

Use AWS Config to identify object changes. Use Amazon EventBridge to delete duplicate objects by running the aws:executeScript action in AWS Systems Manager.

Question 75

A company detects unusual login attempts in many of its AWS accounts. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution that sends a notification to the company ' s security team when multiple failed login attempts occur. The DevOps engineer has already created an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic and has subscribed the security team to the SNS topic.

Which solution will provide the notification with the LEAST operational effort?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send log management events to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter to match failed ConsoleLogin events. Create a CloudWatch alarm that is based on the metric filter. Configure an alarm action to send messages to the SNS topic.

B.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send log management events to an Amazon S3 bucket. Create an Amazon Athena query that returns a failure if the query finds failed logins in the logs in the S3 bucket. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to periodically run the query. Create a second EventBridge rule to detect when the query fails and to send a message to the SNS topic.

C.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send log data events to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Create a CloudWatch logs metric filter to match failed Consolel_ogin events. Create a CloudWatch alarm that is based on the metric filter. Configure an alarm action to send messages to the SNS topic.

D.

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send log data events to an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure an Amazon S3 event notification for the s3:ObjectCreated event type. Filter the event type by ConsoleLogin failed events. Configure the event notification to forward to the SNS topic.

Question 76

A company uses AWS Control Tower and Organizations for a multi-account environment. It needs to create new accounts and ensure they receive a consistent baseline configuration.

Which solution meets the requirement with the least overhead?

Options:

A.

Use Account Factory Customization (AFC) blueprints for baseline setup.

B.

Use Account Factory + StackSets post-setup.

C.

Use Organizations with Lambda applying baseline via access role.

D.

Use Organizations + StackSets manually.

Question 77

A company uses a trunk-based development branching strategy. The company has two AWS CodePipeline pipelines that are integrated with a Git provider. The pull_request pipeline has a branch filter that matches the feature branches. The main_branch pipeline has a branch filter that matches the main branch.

When pull requests are merged into the main branch, the pull requests are deployed by using the main_branch pipeline. The company ' s developers need test results for all submitted pull requests as quickly as possible from the pull_request pipeline. The company wants to ensure that the main_branch pipeline ' s test results finish and that each deployment is complete before the next pipeline execution.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the pull_request pipeline to use SUPERSEDED mode. Configure the main_branch pipeline to use QUEUED mode.

B.

Configure the pull_request pipeline to use PARALLEL mode. Configure the main_branch pipeline to use QUEUED mode.

C.

Configure the pull_request pipeline to use PARALLEL mode. Configure the main_branch pipeline to use SUPERSEDED mode.

D.

Configure the pull_request pipeline to use QUEUED mode. Configure the main_branch pipeline to use SUPERSEDED mode.

Question 78

A company is using AWS CodePipeline to deploy an application. According to a new guideline, a member of the company ' s security team must sign off on any application changes before the changes are deployed into production. The approval must be recorded and retained.

Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Configure CodePipeline to write actions to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

B.

Configure CodePipeline to write actions to an Amazon S3 bucket at the end of each pipeline stage.

C.

Create an AWS CloudTrail trail to deliver logs to Amazon S3.

D.

Create a CodePipeline custom action to invoke an AWS Lambda function for approval. Create a policy that gives the security team access to manage CodePipeline custom actions.

E.

Create a CodePipeline manual approval action before the deployment step. Create a policy that grants the security team access to approve manual approval stages.

Question 79

A company updated the AWS Cloud Formation template for a critical business application. The stack update process failed due to an error in the updated template and AWS CloudFormation automatically began the stack rollback process Later a DevOps engineer discovered that the application was still unavailable and that the stack was in the UPDATE_ROLLBACK_FAILED state.

Which combination of actions should the DevOps engineer perform so that the stack rollback can complete successfully? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Attach the AWSC loud Formation FullAccess IAM policy to the AWS CtoudFormation role.

B.

Automatically recover the stack resources by using AWS CloudFormation drift detection.

C.

Issue a ContinueUpdateRollback command from the AWS CloudFormation console or the AWS CLI.

D.

Manually adjust the resources to match the expectations of the stack.

E.

Update the existing AWS CloudFormation stack by using the original template.

Question 80

A DevOps engineer wants to find a solution to migrate an application from on premises to AWS The application is running on Linux and needs to run on specific versions of Apache Tomcat HAProxy and Varnish Cache to function properly. The application ' s operating system-level parameters require tuning The solution must include a way to automate the deployment of new application versions. The infrastructure should be scalable and faulty servers should be replaced automatically.

Which solution should the DevOps engineer use?

Options:

A.

Upload the application as a Docker image that contains all the necessary software to Amazon ECR Create an Amazon ECS cluster using an AWS Fargate launch type and an Auto Scaling group. Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses Amazon ECR as a source and Amazon ECS as a deployment provider

B.

Upload the application code to an AWS CodeCommit repository with a saved configuration file to configure and install the software Create an AWS Elastic Beanstalk web server tier and a load balanced-type environment that uses the Tomcat solution stack Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses CodeCommit as a source and Elastic Beanstalk as a deployment provider

C.

Upload the application code to an AWS CodeCommit repository with a set of ebextensions files to configure and install the software. Create an AWS Elastic Beanstalk worker tier environment that uses the Tomcat solution stack Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses CodeCommit as a source and Elastic Beanstalk as a deployment provider

D.

Upload the application code to an AWS CodeCommit repository with an appspec.yml file to configure and install the necessary software. Create an AWS CodeDeploy deployment group associated with an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses CodeCommit as a source and CodeDeploy as a deployment provider

Question 81

A company is implementing AWS CodePipeline to automate its testing process The company wants to be notified when the execution state fails and used the following custom event pattern in Amazon EventBridge:

Which type of events will match this event pattern?

Options:

A.

Failed deploy and build actions across all the pipelines

B.

All rejected or failed approval actions across all the pipelines

C.

All the events across all pipelines

D.

Approval actions across all the pipelines

Question 82

A company is using AWS Organizations to centrally manage its AWS accounts. The company has turned on AWS Config in each member account by using AWS Cloud Formation StackSets The company has configured trusted access in Organizations for AWS Config and has configured a member account as a delegated administrator account for AWS Config

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a new security policy The policy must require all current and future AWS member accounts to use a common baseline of AWS Config rules that contain remediation actions that are managed from a central account Non-administrator users who can access member accounts must not be able to modify this common baseline of AWS Config rules that are deployed into each member account

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a CloudFormation template that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions. Deploy the template from the Organizations management account by using CloudFormation StackSets.

B.

Create an AWS Config conformance pack that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions Deploy the pack from the Organizations management account by using CloudFormation StackSets.

C.

Create a CloudFormation template that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions Deploy the template from the delegated administrator account by using AWS Config.

D.

Create an AWS Config conformance pack that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions. Deploy the pack from the delegated administrator account by using AWS Config.

Question 83

A company has deployed an application in a production VPC in a single AWS account. The application is popular and is experiencing heavy usage. The company’s security team wants to add additional security, such as AWS WAF, to the application deployment. However, the application ' s product manager is concerned about cost and does not want to approve the change unless the security team can prove that additional security is necessary.

The security team believes that some of the application ' s demand might come from users that have IP addresses that are on a deny list. The security team provides the deny list to a DevOps engineer. If any of the IP addresses on the deny list access the application, the security team wants to receive automated notification in near real time so that the security team can document that the application needs additional security. The DevOps engineer creates a VPC flow log for the production VPC.

Which set of additional steps should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.

Create a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Configure the VPC flow log to capture accepted traffic and to send the data to the log group. Create an Amazon CloudWatch metric filter for IP addresses on the deny list. Create a CloudWatch alarm with the metric filter as input. Set the period to 5 minutes and the datapoints to alarm to 1. Use an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to send alarm notices to the security team.

B.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket for log files. Configure the VPC flow log to capture all traffic and to send the data to the S3 bucket. Configure Amazon Athena to return all log files in the S3 bucket for IP addresses on the deny list. Configure Amazon QuickSight to accept data from Athena and to publish the data as a dashboard that the security team can access. Create a threshold alert of 1 for successful access. Configure the alert to automati

C.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket for log files. Configure the VPC flow log to capture accepted traffic and to send the data to the S3 bucket. Configure an Amazon OpenSearch Service cluster and domain for the log files. Create an AWS Lambda function to retrieve the logs from the S3 bucket, format the logs, and load the logs into the OpenSearch Service cluster. Schedule the Lambda function to run every 5 minutes. Configure an alert and condition in

D.

Create a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create an Amazon S3 bucket to hold query results. Configure the VPC flow log to capture all traffic and to send the data to the log group. Deploy an Amazon Athena CloudWatch connector in AWS Lambda. Connect the connector to the log group. Configure Athena to periodically query for all accepted traffic from the IP addresses on the deny list and to store the results in the S3 bucket. Configure an

Question 84

A company uses AWS CodePipeline pipelines to automate releases of its application A typical pipeline consists of three stages build, test, and deployment. The company has been using a separate AWS CodeBuild project to run scripts for each stage. However, the company now wants to use AWS CodeDeploy to handle the deployment stage of the pipelines.

The company has packaged the application as an RPM package and must deploy the application to a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances are in an EC2 Auto Scaling group and are launched from a common AMI.

Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer perform to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Create a new version of the common AMI with the CodeDeploy agent installed. Update the IAM role of the EC2 instances to allow access to CodeDeploy.

B.

Create a new version of the common AMI with the CodeDeploy agent installed. Create an AppSpec file that contains application deployment scripts and grants access to CodeDeploy.

C.

Create an application in CodeDeploy. Configure an in-place deployment type. Specify the Auto Scaling group as the deployment target. Add a step to the CodePipeline pipeline to use EC2 Image Builder to create a new AMI. Configure CodeDeploy to deploy the newly created AMI.

D.

Create an application in CodeDeploy. Configure an in-place deployment type. Specify the Auto Scaling group as the deployment target. Update the CodePipeline pipeline to use the CodeDeploy action to deploy the application.

E.

Create an application in CodeDeploy. Configure an in-place deployment type. Specify the EC2 instances that are launched from the common AMI as the deployment target. Update the CodePipeline pipeline to use the CodeDeploy action to deploy the application.

Question 85

A company has developed a serverless web application that is hosted on AWS. The application consists of Amazon S3. Amazon API Gateway, several AWS Lambda functions, and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. The company is using AWS CodeCommit to store the source code. The source code is a combination of AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) templates and Python code.

A security audit and penetration test reveal that user names and passwords for authentication to the database are hardcoded within CodeCommit repositories. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution to automatically detect and prevent hardcoded secrets.

What is the MOST secure solution that meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable Amazon CodeGuru Profiler. Decorate the handler function with @with_lambda_profiler(). Manually review the recommendation report. Write the secret to AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as a secure string. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from Parameter Store.

B.

Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Manually check the code review for any recommendations. Choose the option to protect the secret. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from AWS Secrets Manager.

C.

Enable Amazon CodeGuru Profiler. Decorate the handler function with @with_lambda_profiler(). Manually review the recommendation report. Choose the option to protect the secret. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from AWS Secrets Manager.

D.

Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Manually check the code review for any recommendations. Write the secret to AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as a string. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from Parameter Store.

Question 86

A company needs to adopt a multi-account strategy to deploy its applications and the associated CI/CD infrastructure. The company has created an organization in AWS Organizations that has all features enabled. The company has configured AWS Control Tower and has set up a landing zone.

The company needs to use AWS Control Tower controls (guardrails) in all AWS accounts in the organization. The company must create the accounts for a multi-environment application and must ensure that all accounts are configured to an initial baseline.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Control Tower Account Factory Customization (AFC) blueprint that uses the baseline configuration. Use AWS Control Tower Account Factory to provision a dedicated AWS account for each environment and a CI/CD account by using the blueprint.

B.

Use AWS Control Tower Account Factory to provision a dedicated AWS account for each environment and a CI/CD account. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to apply the baseline configuration to the new accounts.

C.

Use Organizations to provision a multi-environment AWS account and a CI/CD account. In the Organizations management account, create an AWS Lambda function that assumes the Organizations access role to apply the baseline configuration to the new accounts.

D.

Use Organizations to provision a dedicated AWS account for each environment, an audit account, and a CI/CD account. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to apply the baseline configuration to the new accounts.

Question 87

A company built its serverless infrastructure on AWS. The infrastructure consists of an Amazon API Gateway REST API, multiple AWS Lambda functions, and Amazon EventBridge.

The company wants to be aware of any new supply chain attacks that the company ' s CI/CD pipelines do not catch. The company needs a solution to detect malicious activity in the deployed application.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS WAF for the API Gateway REST API. Configure an AWS WAF ACL. Add the known bad inputs managed rule group.

B.

Enable Amazon GuardDuty. Enable Lambda Protection. Use EventBridge for event notifications.

C.

Deploy AWS CloudFormation Guard in the CI/CD pipelines. Write rules to catch the supply chain attacks.

D.

Create a firewall in AWS Network Firewall. Configure a policy. Add the managed rule for the Emerging Threats rule group.

Question 88

A company requires its developers to tag all Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes in an account to indicate a desired backup frequency. This requirement Includes EBS volumes that do not require backups. The company uses custom tags named Backup_Frequency that have values of none, dally, or weekly that correspond to the desired backup frequency. An audit finds that developers are occasionally not tagging the EBS volumes.

A DevOps engineer needs to ensure that all EBS volumes always have the Backup_Frequency tag so that the company can perform backups at least weekly unless a different value is specified.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Set up AWS Config in the account. Create a custom rule that returns a compliance failure for all Amazon EC2 resources that do not have a Backup Frequency tag applied. Configure a remediation action that uses a custom AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to apply the Backup_Frequency tag with a value of weekly.

B.

Set up AWS Config in the account. Use a managed rule that returns a compliance failure for EC2::Volume resources that do not have a Backup Frequency tag applied. Configure a remediation action that uses a custom AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to apply the Backup_Frequency tag with a value of weekly.

C.

Turn on AWS CloudTrail in the account. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EBS CreateVolume events. Configure a custom AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to apply the Backup_Frequency tag with a value of weekly. Specify the runbook as the target of the rule.

D.

Turn on AWS CloudTrail in the account. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EBS CreateVolume events or EBS ModifyVolume events. Configure a custom AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to apply the Backup_Frequency tag with a value of weekly. Specify the runbook as the target of the rule.

Question 89

An application running on a set of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group requires a configuration file to operate. The instances are created and maintained with AWS CloudFormation. A DevOps engineer wants the instances to have the latest configuration file when launched and wants changes to the configuration file to be reflected on all the instances with a minimal delay when the CloudFormation template is updated. Company policy requires that application configuration files be maintained along with AWS infrastructure configuration files m source control.

Which solution will accomplish this?

Options:

A.

In the CloudFormaiion template add an AWS Config rule. Place the configuration file content in the rule ' s InputParameters property and set the Scope property to the EC2 Auto Scaling group. Add an AWS Systems Manager Resource Data Sync resource to the template to poll for updates to the configuration.

B.

In the CloudFormation template add an EC2 launch template resource. Place the configuration file content in the launch template. Configure the cfn-mit script to run when the instance is launched and configure the cfn-hup script to poll for updates to the configuration.

C.

In the CloudFormation template add an EC2 launch template resource. Place the configuration file content in the launch template. Add an AWS Systems Manager Resource Data Sync resource to the template to poll for updates to the configuration.

D.

In the CloudFormation template add CloudFormation imt metadata. Place the configuration file content m the metadata. Configure the cfn-init script to run when the instance is launched and configure the cfn-hup script to poll for updates to the configuration.

Question 90

A company has an application that includes AWS Lambda functions. The Lambda functions run Python code that is stored in an AWS CodeCommit repository. The company has recently experienced failures in the production environment because of an error in the Python code. An engineer has written unit tests for the Lambda functions to help avoid releasing any future defects into the production environment.

The company ' s DevOps team needs to implement a solution to integrate the unit tests into an existing AWS CodePipeline pipeline. The solution must produce reports about the unit tests for the company to view.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Create a new AWS CodeBuild project. In the CodePipeline pipeline, configure a test stage that uses the new CodeBuild project. Create a buildspec.yml file in the CodeCommit repository. In the buildspec.yml file, define the actions to run a CodeGuru review.

B.

Create a new AWS CodeBuild project. In the CodePipeline pipeline, configure a test stage that uses the new CodeBuild project. Create a CodeBuild report group. Create a buildspec.yml file in the CodeCommit repository. In the buildspec.yml file, define the actions to run the unit tests with an output of JUNITXML in the build phase section. Configure the test reports to be uploaded to the new CodeBuild report group.

C.

Create a new AWS CodeArtifact repository. Create a new AWS CodeBuild project. In the CodePipeline pipeline, configure a test stage that uses the new CodeBuild project. Create an appspec.yml file in the original CodeCommit repository. In the appspec.yml file, define the actions to run the unit tests with an output of CUCUMBERJSON in the build phase section. Configure the tests reports to be sent to the new CodeArtifact repository.

D.

Create a new AWS CodeBuild project. In the CodePipeline pipeline, configure a test stage that uses the new CodeBuild project. Create a new Amazon S3 bucket. Create a buildspec.yml file in the CodeCommit repository. In the buildspec.yml file, define the actions to run the unit tests with an output of HTML in the phases section. In the reports section, upload the test reports to the S3 bucket.

Question 91

A company uses an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL global database that has two secondary AWS Regions. A DevOps engineer has configured the database parameter group to guarantee an RPO of 60 seconds. Write operations on the primary cluster are occasionally blocked because of the RPO setting.

The DevOps engineer needs to reduce the frequency of blocked write operations.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add an additional secondary cluster to the global database.

B.

Enable write forwarding for the global database.

C.

Remove one of the secondary clusters from the global database.

D.

Configure synchronous replication for the global database.

Question 92

A company is building a serverless application that uses AWS Lambda functions to process data.

A BeginResponse Lambda function initializes data in response to specific application events. The company needs to ensure that a large number of Lambda functions are invoked after the BeginResponse Lambda function runs. Each Lambda function must be invoked in parallel and depends on only the outputs of the BeginResponse Lambda function. Each Lambda function has retry logic for invocation and must be able to fine-tune concurrency without losing data.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Modify the BeginResponse Lambda function to publish to the SNS topic before the BeginResponse Lambda function finishes running. Subscribe all Lambda functions that need to invoke after the BeginResponse Lambda function runs to the SNS topic. Subscribe any new Lambda functions to the SNS topic.

B.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue for each Lambda function that needs to run after the BeginResponse Lambda function runs. Subscribe each Lambda function to its own SQS queue. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Subscribe each SQS queue to the SNS topic. Modify the BeginResponse function to publish to the SNS topic when it finishes running.

C.

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue for each Lambda function that needs to run after the BeginResponse Lambda function runs. Subscribe the Lambda function to the SQS queue. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic for each SQS queue. Subscribe the SQS queues to the SNS topics. Modify the BeginResponse function to publish to the SNS topics when the function finishes running.

D.

Create an AWS Step Functions Standard Workflow. Configure states in the workflow to invoke the Lambda functions sequentially. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Modify the BeginResponse Lambda function to publish to the SNS topic before the Lambda function finishes running. Create a new Lambda function that is subscribed to the SNS topic and that invokes the Step Functions workflow.

Question 93

A company ' s production environment uses an AWS CodeDeploy blue/green deployment to deploy an application. The deployment incudes Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups that launch instances that run Amazon Linux 2.

A working appspec. ymi file exists in the code repository and contains the following text.

A DevOps engineer needs to ensure that a script downloads and installs a license file onto the instances before the replacement instances start to handle request traffic. The DevOps engineer adds a hooks section to the appspec. yml file.

Which hook should the DevOps engineer use to run the script that downloads and installs the license file?

Options:

A.

AfterBlockTraffic

B.

BeforeBlockTraffic

C.

Beforelnstall

D.

Down load Bundle

Question 94

A DevOps engineer is working on a member account in an organization in AWS Organizations with all features enabled. The account has sensitive data stored in Amazon S3 buckets.

The DevOps engineer must ensure that all public access to S3 buckets in the account is blocked. If the account-level public access settings change in the future, the changes must be reverted automatically so that all public access is blocked again.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Security Hub in the account. Enable the Security Hub control to evaluate the account-level block public access settings. Enable automated remediation for the Security Hub control.

B.

Set up AWS Config in the account. Create an AWS Config managed rule that evaluates the S3 block public access settings. Enable automated remediation for the rule by using a predefined AWS Systems Manager runbook to configure S3 block public access settings.

C.

In the organization ' s management account, create an SCP that denies S3 actions from outside the AWS account. Attach the SCP to the member account.

D.

Enable Amazon Macie in the account. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule with an event pattern that matches Macie policy findings. Configure the rule with an EventBridge target to run a predefined AWS Systems Manager runbook to configure S3 block public access settings.

Question 95

A company is migrating its product development teams from an on-premises data center to a hybrid environment. The new environment will add four AWS Regions and will give the developers the ability to use the Region that is geographically closest to them.

All the development teams use a shared set of Linux applications. The on-premises data center stores the applications on a NetApp ONTAP storage device. The storage volume is mounted read-only on the development on-premises VMs. The company updates the applications on the shared volume once a week.

A DevOps engineer needs to replicate the data to all the new Regions. The DevOps engineer must ensure that the data is always up to date with deduplication. The data also must not be dependent on the availability of the on-premises storage device.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon S3 File Gateway in the on-premises data center. Create S3 buckets in each Region. Set up a cron job to copy the data from the storage device to the S3 File Gateway. Set up S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) to the S3 buckets in each Region.

B.

Create an Amazon FSx File Gateway in one Region. Create file servers in Amazon FSx for Windows File Server in each Region. Set up a cron job to copy the data from the storage device to the FSx File Gateway.

C.

Create Multi-AZ Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP instances and volumes in each Region. Configure a scheduled SnapMirror relationship between the on-premises storage device and the FSx for ONTAP instances.

D.

Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system in each Region. Deploy an AWS DataSync agent in the on-premises data center. Configure a schedule for DataSync to copy the data to Amazon EFS daily.

Question 96

A company uses AWS WAF to protect its cloud infrastructure. A DevOps engineer needs to give an operations team the ability to analyze log messages from AWS WAR. The operations team needs to be able to create alarms for specific patterns in the log output.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Configure the appropriate AWS WAF web ACL to send log messages to the log group. Instruct the operations team to create CloudWatch metric filters.

B.

Create an Amazon OpenSearch Service cluster and appropriate indexes. Configure an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to stream log data to the indexes. Use OpenSearch Dashboards to create filters and widgets.

C.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket for the log output. Configure AWS WAF to send log outputs to the S3 bucket. Instruct the operations team to create AWS Lambda functions that detect each desired log message pattern. Configure the Lambda functions to publish to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

D.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket for the log output. Configure AWS WAF to send log outputs to the S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to create an external table definition that fits the log message pattern. Instruct the operations team to write SOL queries and to create Amazon CloudWatch metric filters for the Athena queries.

Question 97

A company is building a web application on AWS. The application uses AWS CodeConnections to access a Git repository. The company sets up a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that automatically builds and deploys the application to a staging environment when the company pushes code to the main branch. Bugs and integration issues sometimes occur in the main branch because there is no automated testing integrated into the pipeline.

The company wants to automatically run tests when code merges occur in the Git repository and to prevent deployments from reaching the staging environment if any test fails. Tests can run up to 20 minutes. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add an AWS CodeBuild action to the pipeline. Add a buildspec.yml file to the Git repository to define commands to run tests. Configure the pipeline to stop the deployment if a test fails.

B.

Configure Git webhooks to initiate an AWS Lambda function during each code merge. Configure the Lambda function to run tests programmatically and to stop the pipeline if a test fails.

C.

Configure AWS Batch to use Docker images of test environments. Integrate AWS Batch into the pipeline. Add an AWS Lambda function to the pipeline that submits the batch jobs and reverts the code merge if a test fails.

D.

Configure the Git repository to push code to an Amazon S3 bucket during each code merge. Use S3 Event Notifications to initiate tests and to revert the code merge if a test fails.

Question 98

A company is using an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company ' s development team wants to use AWS Lambda functions to meet resiliency requirements and is rewriting all applications to work with Lambda functions that are deployed in a VPC. The development team is using Amazon Elastic Pile System (Amazon EFS) as shared storage in Account A in the organization.

The company wants to continue to use Amazon EPS with Lambda Company policy requires all serverless projects to be deployed in Account B.

A DevOps engineer needs to reconfigure an existing EFS file system to allow Lambda functions to access the data through an existing EPS access point.

Which combination of steps should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Update the EFS file system policy to provide Account B with access to mount and write to the EFS file system in Account A.

B.

Create SCPs to set permission guardrails with fine-grained control for Amazon EFS.

C.

Create a new EFS file system in Account B Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to keep data from Account A and Account B synchronized.

D.

Update the Lambda execution roles with permission to access the VPC and the EFS file system.

E.

Create a VPC peering connection to connect Account A to Account B.

F.

Configure the Lambda functions in Account B to assume an existing IAM role in Account A.

Question 99

A company is building a web and mobile application that uses a serverless architecture powered by AWS Lambda and Amazon API Gateway The company wants to fully automate the backend Lambda deployment based on code that is pushed to the appropriate environment branch in an AWS CodeCommit repository

The deployment must have the following:

• Separate environment pipelines for testing and production

• Automatic deployment that occurs for test environments only

Which steps should be taken to meet these requirements ' ?

Options:

A.

Configure a new AWS CodePipelme service Create a CodeCommit repository for each environment Set up CodePipeline to retrieve the source code from the appropriate repository Set up the deployment step to deploy the Lambda functions with AWS CloudFormation.

B.

Create two AWS CodePipeline configurations for test and production environments Configure the production pipeline to have a manual approval step Create aCodeCommit repository for each environment Set up each CodePipeline to retrieve the source code from the appropriate repository Set up the deployment step to deploy the Lambda functions with AWS CloudFormation.

C.

Create two AWS CodePipeline configurations for test and production environments Configure the production pipeline to have a manual approval step. Create one CodeCommit repository with a branch for each environment Set up each CodePipeline to retrieve the source code from the appropriate branch in the repository. Set up the deployment step to deploy the Lambda functions with AWS CloudFormation

D.

Create an AWS CodeBuild configuration for test and production environments Configure the production pipeline to have a manual approval step. Create one CodeCommit repository with a branch for each environment Push the Lambda function code to an Amazon S3 bucket Set up the deployment step to deploy the Lambda functions from the S3 bucket.

Question 100

A company manages an application that stores logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The company wants to archive the logs to an Amazon S3 bucket Logs are rarely accessed after 90 days and must be retained tor 10 years.

Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Configure a CloudWatch Logs subscription filter to use AWS Glue to transfer all logs to an S3 bucket.

B.

Configure a CloudWatch Logs subscription filter to use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to stream all logs to an S3 bucket.

C.

Configure a CloudWatch Logs subscription fitter to stream all logs to an S3 bucket.

D.

Configure the S3 bucket lifecycle policy to transition logs to S3 Glacier after 90 days and to expire logs after 3.650 days.

E.

Configure the S3 bucket lifecycle policy to transition logs to Reduced Redundancy after 90 days and to expire logs after 3.650 days.

Question 101

A DevOps engineer manages a web application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The instances run in an EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The engineer needs to implement a deployment strategy that:

Launches a second fleet of instances with the same capacity as the original fleet.

Maintains the original fleet unchanged while the second fleet is launched.

Transitions traffic to the second fleet when the second fleet is fully deployed.

Terminates the original fleet automatically 1 hour after transition.

Which solution will satisfy these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use an AWS CloudFormation template with a retention policy for the ALB set to 1 hour. Update the Amazon Route 53 record to reflect the new ALB.

B.

Use two AWS Elastic Beanstalk environments to perform a blue/green deployment from the original environment to the new one. Create an application version lifecycle policy to terminate the original environment in 1 hour.

C.

Use AWS CodeDeploy with a deployment group configured with a blue/green deployment configuration Select the option Terminate the original instances in the deployment group with a waiting period of 1 hour.

D.

Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk with the configuration set to Immutable. Create an .ebextension using the Resources key that sets the deletion policy of the ALB to 1 hour, and deploy the application.

Question 102

A company has an AWS CodeDeploy application. The application has a deployment group that uses a single tag group to identify instances for the deployment of ApplicationA. The single tag group configuration identifies instances that have Environment=Production and Name=ApplicattonA tags for the deployment of ApplicationA.

The company launches an additional Amazon EC2 instance with Department=Marketing Environment^Production. and Name=ApplicationB tags. On the next CodeDeploy deployment of ApplicationA. the additional instance has ApplicationA installed on it. A DevOps engineer needs to configure the existing deployment group to prevent ApplicationA from being installed on the additional instance

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Change the current single tag group to include only the Environment=Production tag Add another single tag group that includes only the Name=ApplicationA tag.

B.

Change the current single tag group to include the Department=Marketmg Environment=Production and Name=ApplicationAtags

C.

Add another single tag group that includes only the Department=Marketing tag. Keep the Environment=Production and Name=ApplicationA tags with the current single tag group

D.

Change the current single tag group to include only the Environment=Production tag Add another single tag group that includes only the Department=Marketing tag

Question 103

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company needs a solution to detect sensitive information in Amazon S3 buckets in all the company’s accounts. When the solution detects sensitive data, the solution must collect all the findings and make them available to the company’s security officer in a single location. The solution must move S3 objects that contain sensitive information to a quarantine S3 bucket.

Which solutions will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Enable AWS Security Hub in the organization. Enable Amazon Macie for all the accounts in the organization. Configure Macie to send findings to Security Hub.

B.

Create an AWS Service Catalog product to provision S3 buckets. Configure Service Catalog to create a new S3 bucket. Configure S3 Event Notifications to send ObjectCreated events to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue.

C.

Create an AWS Lambda function to copy S3 objects from S3 buckets to a dedicated quarantine bucket. Configure the Lambda function to delete copied objects from the original buckets. Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function in response to sensitive information findings from Amazon Macie.

D.

Configure an AWS Lambda function to run when new objects are created or when existing objects are updated. Configure the Lambda function to determine whether objects contain sensitive data. Configure the function to move objects that contain sensitive data to a quarantine bucket and to delete the original objects.

E.

Configure SCPs to prevent the creation of S3 buckets and objects that contain suspected sensitive data. Configure the SCPs to move objects that are suspected to contain sensitive data to a dedicated quarantine S3 bucket.

Question 104

A company that uses electronic patient health records runs a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances with an Amazon Linux operating system. The company must continuously ensure that the EC2 instances are running operating system patches and application patches that are in compliance with current privacy regulations. The company uses a custom repository to store application patches.

A DevOps engineer needs to automate the deployment of operating system patches and application patches. The DevOps engineer wants to use both the default operating system patch repository and the custom patch repository.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new custom patch baseline that includes the default operating system repository and the custom repository. Run the AWS-RunPatchBaseline document by using the Run command to verify and install patches. Use the BaselineOverride API to configure the new custom patch baseline.

B.

Use AWS Direct Connect to integrate the custom repository with the EC2 instances. Use Amazon EventBridge events to deploy the patches.

C.

Use the yum-config-manager command to add the custom repository to the /etc/yum.repos.d configuration. Run the yum-config-manager-enable command to activate the new repository.

D.

Use AWS Systems Manager to create a patch baseline for the default operating system repository and a second patch baseline for the custom repository. Run the AWS-RunPatchBaseline document by using the Run command to verify and install patches. Use the BaselineOverride API to configure the default patch baseline and the custom patch baseline.

Question 105

A DevOps engineer has implemented a Cl/CO pipeline to deploy an AWS Cloud Format ion template that provisions a web application. The web application consists of an Application Load Balancer (ALB) a target group, a launch template that uses an Amazon Linux 2 AMI an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances, a security group and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database The launch template includes user data that specifies a script to install and start the application.

The initial deployment of the application was successful. The DevOps engineer made changes to update the version of the application with the user data. The CI/CD pipeline has deployed a new version of the template However, the health checks on the ALB are now failing The health checks have marked all targets as unhealthy.

During investigation the DevOps engineer notices that the Cloud Formation stack has a status of UPDATE_COMPLETE. However, when the DevOps engineer connects to one of the EC2 instances and checks /varar/log messages, the DevOps engineer notices that the Apache web server failed to start successfully because of a configuration error

How can the DevOps engineer ensure that the CloudFormation deployment will fail if the user data fails to successfully finish running?

Options:

A.

Use the cfn-signal helper script to signal success or failure to CloudFormation Use the WaitOnResourceSignals update policy within the CloudFormation template Set an appropriate timeout for the update policy.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the UnhealthyHostCount metric. Include an appropriate alarm threshold for the target group Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the target to signal success or failure to CloudFormation

C.

Create a lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group by using the AWS AutoScaling LifecycleHook resource Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the target to signal success or failure to CloudFormation Set an appropriate timeout on the lifecycle hook.

D.

Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to stream the cloud-init logs Create a subscription filter that includes an AWS Lambda function with an appropriate invocation timeout Configure the Lambda function to use the SignalResource API operation to signal success or failure to CloudFormation.

Question 106

A company hosts applications in its AWS account Each application logs to an individual Amazon CloudWatch log group. The company’s CloudWatch costs for ingestion are increasing

A DevOps engineer needs to Identify which applications are the source of the increased logging costs.

Which solution Will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use CloudWatch metrics to create a custom expression that Identifies the CloudWatch log groups that have the most data being written to them.

B.

Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to create a set of queries for the application log groups to Identify the number of logs written for a period of time

C.

Use AWS Cost Explorer to generate a cost report that details the cost for CloudWatch usage

D.

Use AWS CloudTrail to filter for CreateLogStream events for each application

Question 107

A company ' s application uses a fleet of Amazon EC2 On-Demand Instances to analyze and process data. The EC2 instances are in an Auto Scaling group. The Auto Scaling group is a target group for an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application analyzes critical data that cannot tolerate interruption. The application also analyzes noncritical data that can withstand interruption.

The critical data analysis requires quick scalability in response to real-time application demand. The noncritical data analysis involves memory consumption. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution that reduces scale-out latency for the critical data. The solution also must process the noncritical data.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

For the critical data, modify the existing Auto Scaling group. Create a warm pool instance in the stopped state. Define the warm pool size. Create a new version of the launch template that has detailed monitoring enabled. use Spot Instances.

B.

For the critical data, modify the existing Auto Scaling group. Create a warm pool instance in the stopped state. Define the warm pool size. Create a new version of the launch template that has detailed monitoring enabled. Use On-Demand Instances.

C.

For the critical data. modify the existing Auto Scaling group. Create a lifecycle hook to ensure that bootstrap scripts are completed successfully. Ensure that the application on the instances is ready to accept traffic before the instances are registered. Create a new version of the launch template that has detailed monitoring enabled.

D.

For the noncritical data, create a second Auto Scaling group that uses a launch template. Configure the launch template to install the unified Amazon CloudWatch agent and to configure the CloudWatch agent with a custom memory utilization metric. Use Spot Instances. Add the new Auto Scaling group as the target group for the ALB. Modify the application to use two target groups for critical data and noncritical data.

E.

For the noncritical data, create a second Auto Scaling group. Choose the predefined memory utilization metric type for the target tracking scaling policy. Use Spot Instances. Add the new Auto Scaling group as the target group for the ALB. Modify the application to use two target groups for critical data and noncritical data.

Question 108

A company’s security team requires that all external Application Load Balancers (ALBs) and Amazon API Gateway APIs are associated with AWS WAF web ACLs. The company has hundreds of AWS accounts, all of which are included in a single organization in AWS Organizations. The company has configured AWS Config for the organization. During an audit, the company finds some externally facing ALBs that are not associated with AWS WAF web ACLs.

Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take to prevent future violations? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Delegate AWS Firewall Manager to a security account.

B.

Delegate Amazon GuardDuty to a security account.

C.

Create an AWS Firewall Manager policy to attach AWS WAF web ACLs to any newly created ALBs and API Gateway APIs.

D.

Create an Amazon GuardDuty policy to attach AWS WAF web ACLs to any newly created ALBs and API Gateway APIs.

E.

Configure an AWS Config managed rule to attach AWS WAF web ACLs to any newly created ALBs and API Gateway APIs.

Question 109

A company’s web app runs on EC2 Linux instances and needs to monitor custom metrics for API response and DB query latency across instances with least overhead.

Which solution meets this?

Options:

A.

Install CloudWatch agent on instances, configure it to collect custom metrics, and instrument app to send metrics to agent.

B.

Use Amazon Managed Service for Prometheus to scrape metrics, use CloudWatch agent to forward metrics to CloudWatch.

C.

Create Lambda to poll app endpoints and DB, calculate metrics, send to CloudWatch via PutMetricData.

D.

Implement custom logging in app; use CloudWatch Logs Insights to extract and analyze metrics.

Question 110

A company is developing a microservices-based application on AWS. The application consists of AWS Lambda functions and Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) services that need to be deployed frequently.

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a consistent deployment solution across all components of the application. The solution must automate the deployments, minimize downtime during updates, and manage configuration data for the application.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST deployment effort?

Options:

A.

Use AWS CloudFormation to define and provision the Lambda functions and ECS services. Implement stack updates with resource replacement for all components. Use AWS Secrets Manager to manage the configuration data.

B.

Use AWS CodeDeploy to manage deployments for the Lambda functions and ECS services. Implement canary deployments for the Lambda functions. Implement blue/green deployments for the ECS services. Use AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store to manage the configuration data.

C.

Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate deployments for the Lambda functions and ECS services. Use canary deployments for the Lambda functions and ECS services in a different AWS Region. Use AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store to manage the configuration data.

D.

Use AWS Systems Manager to manage deployments for the Lambda functions and ECS services. Implement all-at-once deployments for the Lambda functions. Implement rolling updates for the ECS services. Use AWS Secrets Manager to manage the configuration data.

Question 111

A DevOps engineer is researching the least expensive way to implement an image batch processing cluster on AWS. The application cannot run in Docker containers and must run on Amazon EC2. The batch job stores checkpoint data on an NFS volume and can tolerate interruptions. Configuring the cluster software from a generic EC2 Linux image takes 30 minutes.

What is the MOST cost-effective solution?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon EFS (or checkpoint data. To complete the job, use an EC2 Auto Scaling group and an On-Demand pricing model to provision EC2 instances temporally.

B.

Use GlusterFS on EC2 instances for checkpoint data. To run the batch job configure EC2 instances manually When the job completes shut down the instances manually.

C.

Use Amazon EFS for checkpoint data Use EC2 Fleet to launch EC2 Spot Instances and utilize user data to configure the EC2 Linux instance on startup.

D.

Use Amazon EFS for checkpoint data Use EC2 Fleet to launch EC2 Spot Instances Create a custom AMI for the cluster and use the latest AMI when creating instances.

Question 112

A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) The EC2 Instances are in multiple Availability Zones The application was misconfigured in a single Availability Zone, which caused a partial outage of the application.

A DevOps engineer made changes to ensure that the unhealthy EC2 instances in one Availability Zone do not affect the healthy EC2 instances in the other Availability Zones. The DevOps engineer needs to test the application ' s failover and shift where the ALB sends traffic During failover. the ALB must avoid sending traffic to the Availability Zone where the failure has occurred.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Turn off cross-zone load balancing on the ALB Use Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller to start a zonal shift away from the Availability Zone

B.

Turn off cross-zone load balancing on the ALB ' s target group Use Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller to start a zonal shift away from the Availability Zone

C.

Create an Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller resource set that uses the DNS hostname of the ALB Start a zonal shift for the resource set away from the Availability Zone

D.

Create an Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller resource set that uses the ARN of the ALB ' s target group Create a readiness check that uses the ElbV2TargetGroupsCanServeTraffic rule

Question 113

A company requires an RPO of 2 hours and an RTO of 10 minutes for its data and application at all times. An application uses a MySQL database and Amazon EC2 web servers. The development team needs a strategy for failover and disaster recovery.

Which combination of deployment strategies will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Aurora cluster in one Availability Zone across multiple Regions as the data store Use Aurora ' s automatic recovery capabilities in the event of a disaster

B.

Create an Amazon Aurora global database in two Regions as the data store. In the event of a failure promote the secondary Region as the primary for the application.

C.

Create an Amazon Aurora multi-master cluster across multiple Regions as the data store. Use a Network Load Balancer to balance the database traffic in different Regions.

D.

Set up the application in two Regions and use Amazon Route 53 failover-based routing that points to the Application Load Balancers in both Regions. Use hearth checks to determine the availability in a given Region. Use Auto Scaling groups in each Region to adjust capacity based on demand.

E.

Set up the application m two Regions and use a multi-Region Auto Scaling group behind Application Load Balancers to manage the capacity based on demand. In the event of a disaster adjust the Auto Scaling group ' s desired instance count to increase baseline capacity in the failover Region.

Question 114

A company wants to use AWS development tools to replace its current bash deployment scripts. The company currently deploys a LAMP application to a group of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). During the deployments, the company unit tests the committed application, stops and starts services, unregisters and re-registers instances with the load balancer, and updates file permissions. The company wants to maintain the same deployment functionality through the shift to using AWS services.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS CodeBuild to test the application. Use bash scripts invoked by AWS CodeDeploy ' s appspec.yml file to restart services, and deregister and register instances with the ALB. Use the appspec.yml file to update file permissions without a custom script.

B.

Use AWS CodePipeline to move the application from the AWS CodeCommit repository to AWS CodeDeploy. Use CodeDeploy ' s deployment group to test the application, unregister and re-register instances with the ALB. and restart services. Use the appspec.yml file to update file permissions without a custom script.

C.

Use AWS CodePipeline to move the application source code from the AWS CodeCommit repository to AWS CodeDeploy. Use CodeDeploy to test the application. Use CodeDeploy ' s appspec.yml file to restart services and update permissions without a custom script. Use AWS CodeBuild to unregister and re-register instances with the ALB.

D.

Use AWS CodePipeline to trigger AWS CodeBuild to test the application. Use bash scripts invoked by AWS CodeDeploy ' s appspec.yml file to restart services. Unregister and re-register the instances in the AWS CodeDeploy deployment group with the ALB. Update the appspec.yml file to update file permissions without a custom script.

Question 115

A company ' s application runs on Amazon EC2 instances. The application writes to a log file that records the username, date, time: and source IP address of the login. The log is published to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs

The company is performing a root cause analysis for an event that occurred on the previous day The company needs to know the number of logins for a specific user from the past 7 days

Which solution will provide this information ' ?

Options:

A.

Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter on the log group Use a filter pattern that matches the username. Publish a CloudWatch metric that sums the number of logins over the past 7 days.

B.

Create a CloudWatch Logs subscription on the log group Use a filter pattern that matches the username Publish a CloudWatch metric that sums the number of logins over the past 7 days

C.

Create a CloudWatch Logs Insights query that uses an aggregation function to count the number of logins for the username over the past 7 days. Run the query against the log group

D.

Create a CloudWatch dashboard. Add a number widget that has a filter pattern that counts the number of logins for the username over the past 7 days directly from the log group

Question 116

A DevOps engineer is building a continuous deployment pipeline for a serverless application that uses AWS Lambda functions. The company wants to reduce the customer impact of an unsuccessful deployment. The company also wants to monitor for issues.

Which deploy stage configuration will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use an AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) template to define the serverless application. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the Lambda functions with the Canary10Percent15Minutes Deployment Preference Type. Use Amazon CloudWatch alarms to monitor the health of the functions.

B.

Use AWS CloudFormation to publish a new stack update, and include Amazon CloudWatch alarms on all resources. Set up an AWS CodePipeline approval action for a developer to verify and approve the AWS CloudFormation change set.

C.

Use AWS CloudFormation to publish a new version on every stack update, and include Amazon CloudWatch alarms on all resources. Use the RoutingConfig property of the AWS::Lambda::Alias resource to update the traffic routing during the stack update.

D.

Use AWS CodeBuild to add sample event payloads for testing to the Lambda functions. Publish a new version of the functions, and include Amazon CloudWatch alarms. Update the production alias to point to the new version. Configure rollbacks to occur when an alarm is in the ALARM state.

Question 117

A company discovers that its production environment and disaster recovery (DR) environment are deployed to the same AWS Region. All the production applications run on Amazon EC2 instances and are deployed by AWS CloudFormation. The applications use an Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP volume for application storage. No application data resides on the EC2 instances. A DevOps engineer copies the required AMIs to a new DR Region. The DevOps engineer also updates the CloudFormation code to accept a Region as a parameter. The storage needs to have an RPO of 10 minutes in the DR Region. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket in both Regions. Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) for the S3 buckets. Create a scheduled AWS Lambda function to copy any new content from the FSx for ONTAP volume to the S3 bucket in the production Region.

B.

Use AWS Backup to create a backup vault and a custom backup plan that has a 10-minute frequency. Specify the DR Region as the target Region. Assign the EC2 instances in the production Region to the backup plan.

C.

Create an AWS Lambda function to create snapshots of the instance store volumes that are attached to the EC2 instances. Configure the Lambda function to copy the snapshots to the DR Region and to remove the previous copies. Create an Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule that invokes the Lambda function every 10 minutes.

D.

Create an FSx for ONTAP instance in the DR Region. Configure a 5-minute schedule for a volume-level NetApp SnapMirror to replicate the volume from the production Region to the DR Region.

Question 118

A company has many AWS accounts. During AWS account creation the company uses automation to create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group in every AWS Region that the company operates in. The automaton configures new resources in the accounts to publish logs to the provisioned log groups in their Region.

The company has created a logging account to centralize the logging from all the other accounts. A DevOps engineer needs to aggregate the log groups from all the accounts to an existing Amazon S3 bucket in the logging account.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?

Options:

A.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the. Destination Configure a single Amazon Kinesis data stream and a single Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to deliver the logs from the CloudWatch Logs destination to the S3 bucket.

B.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy for each Region. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the destination. Configure a single Amazon Kinesis data stream and a single Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to deliver the logs from all the CloudWatch Logs destinations to the S3 bucket.

C.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy for each Region. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the destination Configure an Amazon Kinesis data stream and an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream for each Region to deliver the logs from the CloudWatch Logs destinations to the S3 bucket.

D.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the destination. Configure a single Amazon Kinesis data stream to deliver the logs from the CloudWatch Logs destination to the S3 bucket.

Question 119

A company runs an application in an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The EC2 instances run Docker containers that make requests to a MySQL database that runs on separate EC2 instances. A DevOps engineer needs to update the application to use a serverless architecture. Which solution will meet this requirement with the FEWEST changes?

Options:

A.

Replace the containers that run on EC2 instances and the ALB with AWS Lambda functions. Replace the MySQL database with an Amazon Aurora Serverless v2 database that is compatible with MySQL.

B.

Replace the containers that run on EC2 instances with AWS Fargate. Replace the MySQL database with an Amazon Aurora Serverless v2 database that is compatible with MySQL.

C.

Replace the containers that run on EC2 instances and the ALB with AWS Lambda functions. Replace the MySQL database with Amazon DynamoDB tables.

D.

Replace the containers that run on EC2 instances with AWS Fargate. Replace the MySQL database with Amazon DynamoDB tables.

Question 120

A company uses Amazon S3 to store proprietary information. The development team creates buckets for new projects on a daily basis. The security team wants to ensure that all existing and future buckets have encryption logging and versioning enabled. Additionally, no buckets should ever be publicly read or write accessible.

What should a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable AWS CloudTrail and configure automatic remediation using AWS Lambda.

B.

Enable AWS Conflg rules and configure automatic remediation using AWS Systems Manager documents.

C.

Enable AWS Trusted Advisor and configure automatic remediation using Amazon EventBridge.

D.

Enable AWS Systems Manager and configure automatic remediation using Systems Manager documents.

Question 121

A company has a web application that is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances. The company is deploying the application into multiple AWS Regions. The application consists of dynamic content such as WebSocket-based real-time product updates. The company uses Amazon Route 53 to manage all DNS records. Which solution will provide multi-Region access to the application with the LEAST latency?

Options:

A.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the EC2 instances in each Region. Create a Route 53 A record with a latency-based routing policy. Add IP addresses of the ALBs as the value of the record.

B.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the EC2 instances in each Region. Deploy an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an origin group that contains the ALBs as origins. Create a Route 53 alias record that points to the CloudFront distribution ' s DNS address.

C.

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the EC2 instances in each Region. Create a Route 53 A record with a multivalue answer routing policy. Add IP addresses of the NLBs as the value of the record.

D.

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the EC2 instances in each Region. Deploy an AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerator with an endpoint group for each NLB. Create a Route 53 alias record that points to the accelerator ' s DNS address.

Question 122

A DevOps engineer notices that all Amazon EC2 instances running behind an Application Load Balancer in an Auto Scaling group are failing to respond to user requests. The EC2 instances are also failing target group HTTP health checks

Upon inspection, the engineer notices the application process was not running in any EC2 instances. There are a significant number of out of memory messages in the system logs. The engineer needs to improve the resilience of the application to cope with a potential application memory leak. Monitoring and notifications should be enabled to alert when there is an issue

Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Change the Auto Scaling configuration to replace the instances when they fail the load balancer ' s health checks.

B.

Change the target group health check HealthChecklntervalSeconds parameter to reduce the interval between health checks.

C.

Change the target group health checks from HTTP to TCP to check if the port where the application is listening is reachable.

D.

Enable the available memory consumption metric within the Amazon CloudWatch dashboard for the entire Auto Scaling group Create an alarm when the memory utilization is high Associate an Amazon SNS topic to the alarm to receive notifications when the alarm goes off

E.

Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to collect the memory utilization of the EC2 instances in the Auto Scaling group Create an alarm when the memory utilization is high and associate an Amazon SNS topic to receive a notification.

Question 123

A company is using AWS Organizations to create separate AWS accounts for each of its departments The company needs to automate the following tasks

• Update the Linux AMIs with new patches periodically and generate a golden image

• Install a new version to Chef agents in the golden image, is available

• Provide the newly generated AMIs to the department ' s accounts

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST management overhead ' ?

Options:

A.

Write a script to launch an Amazon EC2 instance from the previous golden image Apply the patch updates Install the new version of the Chef agent, generate a new golden image, and then modify the AMI permissions to share only the new image with the department ' s accounts.

B.

Use Amazon EC2 Image Builder to create an image pipeline that consists of the base Linux AMI and components to install the Chef agent Use AWS Resource Access Manager to share EC2 Image Builder images with the department ' s accounts

C.

Use an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to update the Linux AMI by using the previous image Provide the URL for the script that will update the Chef agent Use AWS Organizations to replace the previous golden image in the department ' s accounts.

D.

Use Amazon EC2 Image Builder to create an image pipeline that consists of the base Linux AMI and components to install the Chef agent Create a parameter in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store to store the new AMI ID that can be referenced by the department ' s accounts

Question 124

A company is examining its disaster recovery capability and wants the ability to switch over its daily operations to a secondary AWS Region. The company uses AWS CodeCommit as a source control tool in the primary Region.

A DevOps engineer must provide the capability for the company to develop code in the secondary Region. If the company needs to use the secondary Region, developers can add an additional remote URL to their local Git configuration.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a CodeCommit repository in the secondary Region. Create an AWS CodeBuild project to perform a Git mirror operation of the primary Region ' s CodeCommit repository to the secondary Region ' s CodeCommit repository. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes the CodeBuild project. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to merge events in the primary Region ' s CodeCommit repository. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the L

B.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket in the secondary Region. Create an AWS Fargate task to perform a Git mirror operation of the primary Region ' s CodeCommit repository and copy the result to the S3 bucket. Create an AWS Lambda function that initiates the Fargate task. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to merge events in the CodeCommit repository. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function.

C.

Create an AWS CodeArtifact repository in the secondary Region. Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses the primary Region ' s CodeCommit repository for the source action. Create a Cross-Region stage in the pipeline that packages the CodeCommit repository contents and stores the contents in the CodeArtifact repository when a pull request is merged into the CodeCommit repository.

D.

Create an AWS Cloud9 environment and a CodeCommit repository in the secondary Region. Configure the primary Region ' s CodeCommit repository as a remote repository in the AWS Cloud9 environment. Connect the secondary Region ' s CodeCommit repository to the AWS Cloud9 environment.

Question 125

An online retail company based in the United States plans to expand its operations to Europe and Asia in the next six months. Its product currently runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. All data is stored in an Amazon Aurora database instance.

When the product is deployed in multiple regions, the company wants a single product catalog across all regions, but for compliance purposes, its customer information and purchases must be kept in each region.

How should the company meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of application changes?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Redshift for the product catalog and Amazon DynamoDB tables for the customer information and purchases.

B.

Use Amazon DynamoDB global tables for the product catalog and regional tables for the customer information and purchases.

C.

Use Aurora with read replicas for the product catalog and additional local Aurora instances in each region for the customer information and purchases.

D.

Use Aurora for the product catalog and Amazon DynamoDB global tables for the customer information and purchases.

Question 126

A company runs an application with an Amazon EC2 and on-premises configuration. A DevOps engineer needs to standardize patching across both environments. Company policy dictates that patching only happens during non-business hours.

Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Add the physical machines into AWS Systems Manager using Systems Manager Hybrid Activations.

B.

Attach an IAM role to the EC2 instances, allowing them to be managed by AWS Systems Manager.

C.

Create IAM access keys for the on-premises machines to interact with AWS Systems Manager.

D.

Run an AWS Systems Manager Automation document to patch the systems every hour.

E.

Use Amazon EventBridge scheduled events to schedule a patch window.

F.

Use AWS Systems Manager Maintenance Windows to schedule a patch window.

Question 127

A company that uses electronic health records is running a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances with an Amazon Linux operating system. As part of patient privacy requirements, the company must ensure continuous compliance for patches for operating system and applications running on the EC2 instances.

How can the deployments of the operating system and application patches be automated using a default and custom repository?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new patch baseline including the custom repository. Run the AWS-RunPatchBaseline document using the run command to verify and install patches.

B.

Use AWS Direct Connect to integrate the corporate repository and deploy the patches using Amazon CloudWatch scheduled events, then use the CloudWatch dashboard to create reports.

C.

Use yum-config-manager to add the custom repository under /etc/yum.repos.d and run yum-config-manager-enable to activate the repository.

D.

Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new patch baseline including the corporate repository. Run the AWS-AmazonLinuxDefaultPatchBaseline document using the run command to verify and install patches.

Question 128

A DevOps engineer is designing an application that integrates with a legacy REST API. The application has an AWS Lambda function that reads records from an Amazon Kinesis data stream. The Lambda function sends the records to the legacy REST API.

Approximately 10% of the records that the Lambda function sends from the Kinesis data stream have data errors and must be processed manually. The Lambda function event source configuration has an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) dead-letter queue as an on-failure destination. The DevOps engineer has configured the Lambda function to process records in batches and has implemented retries in case of failure.

During testing the DevOps engineer notices that the dead-letter queue contains many records that have no data errors and that already have been processed by the legacy REST API. The DevOps engineer needs to configure the Lambda function ' s event source options to reduce the number of errorless records that are sent to the dead-letter queue.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Increase the retry attempts

B.

Configure the setting to split the batch when an error occurs

C.

Increase the concurrent batches per shard

D.

Decrease the maximum age of record

Question 129

A video-sharing company stores its videos in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company needs to analyze user access patterns such as the number of users who access a specific video each month.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Options:

A.

Enable Amazon S3 server access logging. Load the access logs into an Amazon Aurora database. Run SQL queries on the Aurora database to analyze the user access patterns.

B.

Enable Amazon S3 server access logging. Use Amazon Athena to create an external table that contains the access logs. Run SQL queries on the Athena table to analyze the user access patterns.

C.

Invoke an AWS Lambda function for every S3 object access event. Configure the Lambda function to write the file access information, including user ID, S3 bucket ID, and file key, to an Amazon Aurora database. Run SQL queries on the Aurora database to analyze the user access patterns.

D.

Record a log message in Amazon CloudWatch Logs for every S3 object access event. Configure a log stream in CloudWatch Logs to write the file access information, including user ID, S3 bucket ID, and file key, to an Amazon Managed Service for Apache Flink application. Perform a sliding window analysis on the user access patterns.

Question 130

A company has an organization in AWS Organizations with many OUs that contain many AWS accounts. The organization has a dedicated delegated administrator AWS account.

The company needs the accounts in one OU to have server-side encryption enforced for all Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes and Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queues that are created or updated on an AWS CloudFormation stack.

Which solution will enforce this policy before a CloudFormation stack operation in the accounts of this OU?

Options:

A.

Activate trusted access to CloudFormation StackSets. Create a CloudFormation Hook that enforces server-side encryption on EBS volumes and SQS queues. Deploy the Hook across the accounts in the OU by using StackSets.

B.

Set up AWS Config in all the accounts in the OU. Use AWS Systems Manager to deploy AWS Config rules that enforce server-side encryption for EBS volumes and SQS queues across the accounts in the OU.

C.

Write an SCP to deny the creation of EBS volumes and SQS queues unless the EBS volumes and SQS queues have server-side encryption. Attach the SCP to the OU.

D.

Create an AWS Lambda function in the delegated administrator account that checks whether server- side encryption is enforced for EBS volumes and SQS queues. Create an IAM role to provide the Lambda function access to the accounts in the OU.

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