Cisco 100-150 Dumps

Firewall: A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It permits or denies traffic based on IP addresses, port numbers, or applications.

Access Point: This is a device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network using Wi-Fi. It does not perform traffic filtering based on IP, port, or application.

VPN Gateway: This device allows for secure connections between networks over the internet, but it is not primarily used for traffic filtering based on IP, port, or application.

Intrusion Detection System (IDS): This device monitors network traffic for suspicious activity and policy violations, but it does not actively permit or deny traffic.

References:

Understanding Firewalls: Firewall Basics

When devices within a VLAN are unable to reach addresses outside their VLAN, it typically indicates that they do not have a configured path to external networks. The engineer should configure a default gateway for VLAN2. The default gateway is the IP address of the router’s interface that is connected to the VLAN, which will route traffic from the VLAN to other networks12.

References :=

•Understanding and Configuring VLAN Routing and Bridging on a Router Using the IRB Feature

•VLAN 2 not able to ping gateway - Cisco Community

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•VLANs: Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) logically segment network traffic to improve security and performance. Devices within the same VLAN can communicate directly.

•Default Gateway: For devices in VLAN2 to communicate with devices outside their VLAN, they need a default gateway configured. The default gateway is typically a router or Layer 3 switch that routes traffic between different VLANs and subnets.

•Additional VLAN: Not needed in this scenario as the issue is related to routing traffic outside VLAN2, not creating another VLAN.

•Default Route: While a default route on the router may be necessary, the primary issue for devices within VLAN2 is to have a configured default gateway.

•Static Route: This is used on routers to manually specify routes to specific networks but does not address the need for a default gateway on the client devices.

References:

•Cisco VLAN Configuration Guide: Cisco VLAN Configuration

•Understanding and Configuring VLANs: VLANs Guide

•192.168.200.0/24 Network: This subnet includes all addresses from 192.168.200.0 to 192.168.200.255. The /24 indicates a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, which allows for 256 addresses.

•192.168.199.13: This address is in the 192.168.199.0/24 subnet, not the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.

•192.168.200.13: This address is within the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.

•192.168.201.13: This address is in the 192.168.201.0/24 subnet, not the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.

•192.168.1.13: This address is in the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet, not the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.

References:

•Subnetting Guide: Subnetting Basics

Based on the image description provided, here are the cable types matched with the appropriate connection descriptions:

Connects Switch S1 to Router R1 Gi0/0/1 interface Cable Type: = Straight-through UTP Cable

Connects Router R2 Gi0/0/0 to Router R3 Gi0/0/0 via underground conduit Cable Type: = Fiber Optic Cable

Connects Router R1 Gi0/0/0 to Router R2 Gi0/0/1 Cable Type: = Crossover UTP Cable

Connects Switch S3 to Server0 network interface card Cable Type: = Straight-through UTP Cable

The choices are based on standard networking practices where:

Straight-through UTP cables are typically used to connect a switch to a router or a network interface card.

Fiber optic cables are ideal for long-distance, high-speed data transmission, such as connections through an underground conduit.

Crossover UTP cables are used to connect similar devices, such as router-to-router connections.

These matches are consistent with the color-coded cables in the image: green for switch connections, yellow for router-to-router connections within the same rack, and blue for inter-rack connections. The use of these cables follows the Ethernet cabling standards.

Connects Switch S1 to Router R1 Gi0/0/1 interface:

Cable Type: Straight-through UTP Cable

Explanation: A straight-through UTP cable is typically used to connect different types of devices, such as a switch to a router.

Connects Router R2 Gi0/0/0 to Router R3 Gi0/0/0 via underground conduit:

Cable Type: Fiber Optic Cable

Explanation: Fiber optic cables are used for long-distance connections, such as those through an underground conduit between buildings.

Connects Router R1 Gi0/0/0 to Router R2 Gi0/0/1:

Cable Type: Crossover UTP Cable

Explanation: A crossover UTP cable is typically used to connect similar devices directly, such as router to router connections.

Connects Switch S3 to Server0 network interface card:

Cable Type: Straight-through UTP Cable

Explanation: A straight-through UTP cable is typically used to connect a switch to an end device, such as a server.

Straight-through UTP Cable: Used to connect different devices (e.g., switch to router, switch to server).

Crossover UTP Cable: Used to connect similar devices directly (e.g., router to router, switch to switch).

Fiber Optic Cable: Used for long-distance and high-speed connections, often between buildings or data centers.

References:

Network Cable Types and Uses: Cisco Network Cables

Understanding Ethernet Cabling: Ethernet Cable Guide

•Statement A: "The trace successfully reached the server. " This is true as indicated by the "Trace complete" message at the end, showing that the trace has reached its destination.

•Statement C: "The IPv6 address associated with the server is 2600:1408:c400:38d::b33. " This is true because the final hop in the trace, which is the destination, has this IPv6 address.

•Statement B: "The trace failed after the fourth hop." This is incorrect as the trace continues beyond the fourth hop, despite some intermediate timeouts.

•Statement D: "The routers at hops 5 and 6 are offline." This is not necessarily true. The routers might be configured to not respond to traceroute requests.

•Statement E: "The device sending the trace has IPv6 address 2600:1408:c400:38d::b33." This is incorrect; this address belongs to the destination server, not the sender.

References:

•Understanding Traceroute: Traceroute Guide

Statement A: "A detailed description of the fault." This is essential for support staff to understand the nature of the problem and begin troubleshooting effectively.

Statement C: "A description of the conditions when the fault occurs." This helps in reproducing the issue and identifying patterns that might indicate the cause of the fault.

Statement B: "Details about the computers connected to the network." While useful, this is not as immediately critical as understanding the fault itself and the conditions under which it occurs.

Statement D: "The actions taken to resolve the fault." This is important but typically follows the initial report.

Statement E: "The description of the top-down fault-finding procedure." This is more of a troubleshooting methodology than information typically included in an initial support ticket.

References:

Best Practices for Submitting Support Tickets: Support Ticket Guidelines

IPv6 addresses can be compressed by removing leading zeros and replacing consecutive groups of zeros with a double colon (::). Here’s how to compress the address 2001:0db8:0000:0016:0000:001b:2000:0056:

Remove leading zeros from each segment:

2001:db8:0000:0016:0000:001b:2000:0056 becomes 2001:db8:0:16:0:1b:2000:56

Replace the longest sequence of consecutive zeros with a double colon (::). In this case, the two consecutive zeros between the 16 and 1b:

2001:db8:0:16::1b:2000:56

Thus, the most compressed valid format of the IPv6 address is 2001:db8:0:16::1b:2000:56.

References :=

Cisco Learning Network

IPv6 Addressing (Cisco)

Router

The show running-config command is used on a Cisco router to display the current operational settings that are actively configured in the router’s RAM. This command outputs all the configurations that are currently being executed by the router, which includes interface configurations, routing protocols, access lists, and other settings. Unlike show startup-config, which shows the saved configuration that the router will use on the next reboot, show running-config reflects the live, current configuration in use.

References := The information is supported by multiple sources that detail the use of Cisco commands, particularly the show running-config command as the standard for viewing the active configuration on a Cisco device123.

show running-config: This command displays the current configuration running on the router. It includes all the operational settings and configurations applied to the router.

show protocols: This command shows the status of configured protocols on the router but not the entire configuration.

show startup-config: This command displays the configuration saved in NVRAM, which is used to initialize the router on startup, but not necessarily the current running configuration.

show version: This command provides information about the router's software version, hardware components, and uptime but does not display the running configuration.

References:

Cisco IOS Commands: Cisco IOS Commands

SFTP, or Secure File Transfer Protocol, is a protocol that allows for secure file transfer capabilities between networked hosts. It is a secure extension of the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). SFTP encrypts both commands and data, preventing passwords and sensitive information from being transmitted openly over the network. It is typically used for secure file transfers over the internet and is built on the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol1.

References :=

•What Is SFTP? (Secure File Transfer Protocol)

•How to Use SFTP to Safely Transfer Files: A Step-by-Step Guide

•Secure File Transfers: Best Practices, Protocols And Tools

The Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) is a secure version of the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) that uses SSH (Secure Shell) to encrypt all commands and data. This ensures that sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords, and files being transferred, are securely transmitted over the network.

•ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used for network diagnostics and is not designed for file transfer.

•NTP (Network Time Protocol) is used to synchronize clocks between computer systems and is not related to file transfer.

•HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is used for transmitting web pages over the internet and does not inherently provide secure file transfer capabilities.

Thus, the correct protocol that allows secure uploading of files to another computer on the internet is SFTP.

References :=

•Cisco Learning Network

•SFTP Overview (Cisco)

Three virtual machines are connected by a virtual network in the cloud.

Model: IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Explanation: IaaS provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, including virtual machines, storage, and networks.

Users access a web-based graphics design application in the cloud for a monthly fee.

Model: SaaS (Software as a Service)

Explanation: SaaS delivers software applications over the internet, typically on a subscription basis, accessible via a web browser.

A company develops applications using cloud-based resources and tools.

Model: PaaS (Platform as a Service)

Explanation: PaaS provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications without dealing with the infrastructure.

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Provides virtualized hardware resources that customers can use to build their own computing environments.

PaaS (Platform as a Service): Offers a platform with tools and services to develop, test, and deploy applications.

SaaS (Software as a Service): Delivers fully functional applications over the internet that users can access and use without managing the underlying infrastructure.

References:

Cloud Service Models: Understanding IaaS, PaaS, SaaS

NIST Definition of Cloud Computing: NIST Cloud Computing

To determine if you can reach the router, you should use the ping command followed by the IP address of the router. The ping command is a network utility used to test the reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer.

The Default Gateway in the ipconfig results is typically the router’s IP address in a home or small office network. In this case, the Default Gateway is 192.168.0.1, which is the address you would ping to check connectivity to the router.

References :=

How to Use the Ping Command

Testing Network Connectivity with the Ping Command

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To determine if you can reach the router, you should use the ping command with the IP address of the router.

Command: ping

Target: 192.168.0.1

So, the completed command is:

ping 192.168.0.1

Step by Step Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

ping: The ping command sends ICMP Echo Request messages to the target IP address and waits for an Echo Reply. It is commonly used to test the reachability of a network device.

192.168.0.1: This is the IP address of the default gateway (the router) as shown in the ipconfig output. Pinging this address will help determine if the computer can communicate with the router.

References:

Using the ping Command: ping Command Guide

The correct matching of the MFA factors to their examples is as follows:

Entering a one-time security code sent to your device after logging in: Possession

Holding your phone to your face to be recognized: Inherence

Specifying your user name and password to log on to a service: Knowledge

Here’s why each factor matches the example:

Possession: This factor is something the user has, like a mobile device. A one-time security code sent to this device falls under this category.

Inherence: This factor is something the user is, such as a biometric characteristic. Facial recognition using a phone is an example of this factor.

Knowledge: This factor is something the user knows, like a password or PIN.

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) enhances security by requiring two or more of these factors to verify a user’s identity before granting access.

Entering a one-time security code sent to your device after logging in.

Factor: Possession

Explanation: This factor relates to something you have, such as a device that receives a security code.

Holding your phone to your face to be recognized.

Factor: Inference (typically referred to as Inherence or Biometric)

Explanation: This factor relates to something you are, such as biometric authentication like facial recognition.

Specifying your username and password to log on to a service.

Factor: Knowledge

Explanation: This factor relates to something you know, such as a username and password.

Possession Factor: This involves something the user has in their possession. Receiving a one-time security code on a device (e.g., phone) is an example of this.

Inference Factor (Inherence/Biometric): This involves something inherent to the user, such as biometric verification (e.g., facial recognition or fingerprint scanning).

Knowledge Factor: This involves something the user knows, such as login credentials (username and password).

References:

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) Explained: MFA Guide

Understanding Authentication Factors: Authentication Factors