Fortinet EMEA-Advanced-Support Dumps

The ‘set nat enable’ command in a FortiGate firewall policy enables Source NAT (SNAT) for outgoing traffic, typically rewriting the source IP to the FortiGate’s interface IP or an IP pool. It does not disable NAT (B), force a specific pool (C), or limit to incoming traffic (D). Exact extract: "The ‘set nat enable’ command in a firewall policy enables Source NAT, rewriting the source IP address of outgoing traffic to the egress interface IP or a configured NAT pool."

The ‘set srcintf’ command in a FortiGate firewall policy specifies the source interface from which traffic originates, helping define the policy’s scope. It does not set the destination interface (B), source IP range (C), or NAT interface (D). Exact extract: "The ‘set srcintf’ command in a firewall policy specifies the source interface for incoming traffic, allowing FortiGate to match packets based on their entry interface."

HTTP defines standard request methods, including GET (retrieve a resource) and HEAD (retrieve headers only). LIST and RETR are not standard HTTP methods; RETR is used in FTP, and LIST is not a recognized method in either protocol. The original document incorrectly lists only A, omitting C. Exact extract: "HTTP supports several request methods, including GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc... GET retrieves a resource, while HEAD retrieves only the headers without the body content."

For user authentication in dialup IPsec, IKEv1 uses XAuth (Extended Authentication) after Phase 1 for username/password. IKEv2 uses EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) for similar user auth. Phase 1 and SA_INIT are for peer auth, Phase 2 for child SA negotiation. Exact extract: XAuth increases security by requiring remote dialup client users to authenticate in a separate exchange at the end of phase 1. IPsec IKEv2 VPNs now support certificate authentication and EAP authentication at the same time from a dialup FortiClient. With the eap-cert-auth setting ... IPsec IKEv2 VPNs now support certificate authentication and EAP authentication at the same time from a dialup FortiClient. IPsec IKEv1 uses XAUTH for user authentication, and IPsec IKEv2 uses EAP for user authentication. Only EAP-TTLS is interoperable with LDAP. For LDAP based user ... In your scenario, the user cannot authenticate by providing both a PSK and their credentials (using one of multiple EAP methods).

Out-of-order packets after FIN/ACK indicate a packet arriving in the TIME_WAIT state, where the session is closing. The TCP time-wait timer controls how long the firewall keeps the session in the TIME_WAIT state to handle late packets. Increasing this timer allows the firewall to accept such packets instead of dropping them. Close-wait timer relates to a different state, TCPMSS affects packet size, and "Enable TCP option" is not a standard parameter. Exact extract: "The TCP time-wait timer determines how long a session remains in the TIME_WAIT state to handle out-of-order or retransmitted packets after FIN/ACK... Adjusting this timer can prevent drops of late-arriving packets."

FortiGate operates on a default-deny principle; if a packet does not match any firewall policy, it is dropped to ensure security. No forwarding (A), IPS processing (C), or automatic allowing (D) occurs without a matching policy. Exact extract: "FortiGate uses a default-deny approach; packets that do not match any configured firewall policy are dropped to prevent unauthorized traffic."

Auto Discovery VPN (ADVPN) in FortiGate enables dynamic routing protocols (e.g., OSPF, BGP) to propagate updates through IPsec VPN tunnels by automatically creating shortcut paths between spokes. This simplifies configuration and enhances scalability in hub-and-spoke topologies. Route-based VPN (D) supports routing but not dynamic discovery, VRF (C) is for segmentation, and Dynamic Routing Gateway (B) is not a standard Fortinet feature. Exact extract: "ADVPN allows dynamic routing protocols to be used over IPsec VPN tunnels, enabling spokes to discover and communicate directly via shortcuts, improving efficiency in hub-and-spoke setups."

IPsec operates at Layer 4 (Transport Layer) in the OSI model, providing secure communication via protocols like ESP and AH, which work with TCP or UDP. BGP and OSPF are Layer 3 (Network Layer) routing protocols, and ARP operates at Layer 2 (Data Link Layer). Fortinet’s FortiGate uses IPsec for VPNs at Layer 4. Exact extract: "IPsec operates at the Transport Layer (Layer 4) to secure communications, encapsulating TCP or UDP packets... BGP and OSPF function at the Network Layer, while ARP resolves IP to MAC addresses at the Data Link Layer."

The ‘set webfilter-profile’ command applies a web filtering profile to a firewall policy, enabling URL blocking or allowing based on categories or specific URLs. It does not enable DPI (B), configure proxies (C), or set authentication (D). Exact extract: "The ‘set webfilter-profile’ command applies a web filtering profile to a firewall policy, controlling access to websites based on URL categories or specific URLs."

Both SSL VPN and IPsec VPN are standard protocols supported by FortiGate devices for secure remote access. SSL VPN typically uses HTTPS (TCP port 443) for encrypted communication, while IPsec uses protocols like IKE and ESP. Both can be configured between an end-user workstation (e.g., via FortiClient) and a FortiGate device, supporting various authentication methods. All options are correct, making D the correct answer. Exact extract: "SSL VPN technology uses the standard SSL/TLS protocol to provide a secure connection to the FortiGate unit. The FortiGate SSL VPN can be configured to use HTTPS..." and "IPsec VPNs use standardized protocols like IKE and ESP to create secure tunnels... FortiClient supports both IPsec and SSL VPN connections to FortiGate devices for remote access."

OpenSSL is a widely used command-line tool for verifying certificates, checking validity, chains, and details like subject, issuer, and expiration. It is supported in Fortinet troubleshooting and certificate management. Nessus is for vulnerability scanning, Hping for packet crafting, Certtester is not standard. Exact extract: Description. This article describes how to verify by OpenSSL if the format of the certificate is correct when getting an error message like ... How to verifying the Certificate by CA Certificate on openssl command. You can verify the certificate's validity by CA certificate. Example 1: ... Navigate to System -> Certificate -> Create/Import. Select Import Certificate -> Select Type Certificate. · Upload server.pem. · Upload ca.key. Description, This article describes how to sign and generate certificates using OpenSSL in Windows OS that can be used for SSL VPN and IPSec VPN ... This section discusses the following tasks you can perform on the System > Certificate > Manage Certificates page.

The FortiGate Cluster Protocol (FGCP) is used to synchronize session tables, configuration, and state information between HA cluster members to ensure seamless failover. VRRP (B) is for router redundancy, OSPF (C) and BGP (D) are routing protocols, not used for HA synchronization. Exact extract: "FGCP synchronizes session tables, configurations, and state information between FortiGate HA cluster members to ensure continuity during failover."

Email clients use POP3 (Post Office Protocol) and IMAP4 (Internet Message Access Protocol) to retrieve emails from a server. POP3 downloads emails and typically removes them from the server, while IMAP4 allows synchronized access. SMTP is used for sending emails, and SNMP is for network monitoring, not email retrieval. Exact extract: "Email clients use POP3 or IMAP to retrieve email messages from a mail server... IMAP allows users to access and manage email directly on the server, while POP3 typically downloads messages to the client."

In a FortiGate HA cluster (active-active or active-passive), if the primary unit fails, a secondary unit automatically takes over as the primary, ensuring continuity of traffic with minimal disruption. Option A is incorrect as traffic continues, C is incorrect as the mode doesn’t change post-failure, and D is unrelated. Exact extract: "In a FortiGate HA cluster, if the primary unit fails, a secondary unit is elected as the new primary, taking over all roles to maintain traffic flow and session continuity."

The ‘diagnose debug flow’ command in FortiGate is used to troubleshoot how packets are processed through firewall policies, showing details like policy matching, NAT, and session handling. It helps identify why packets are allowed or dropped. Option A refers to packet sniffing, B to routing diagnostics, and D to performance monitoring, none of which are the primary function. Exact extract: "The diagnose debug flow command displays the packet flow through FortiGate, including policy matching, NAT, and session details, useful for troubleshooting traffic issues."