Oracle 1z0-1084-25 Dumps

Explanation

The correct answers are: Amount of RAM used by a function: Oracle Functions collects and reports the amount of memory (RAM) used by a function during its execution. This metric helps in monitoring and optimizing the resource consumption of functions. Length of time a function runs: Oracle Functions captures and provides the duration of function executions. This metric allows you to track the performance and responsiveness of your functions and identify any potential bottlenecks or delays. These metrics provide valuable insights into the resource utilization and performance of your functions, enabling you to monitor and optimize their behavior in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) environment.

To pull a Docker image from OCI Registry to the client machine, you need to use the docker pull command with the following syntax1: docker pull .ocir.io//: where:

is the key for the OCI Registry region you’re using. For example, iad. See Availability by Region1.

ocir.io is the OCI Registry name.

is the auto-generated Object Storage namespace string of the tenancy that owns the repository from which you want to pull the image (as shown on the Tenancy Information page)1.

is the name of the repository that contains the image you want to pull.

is the tag of the image you want to pull.

Explanation

The strategy that involves exposing new functionality or features to only a small set of users is called Canary Deployment. Canary deployment is a technique used in software development and deployment where a new version of an application or feature is released to a small subset of users or a specific group of servers. This allows for testing and gathering feedback on the new functionality in a controlled and limited environment before making it available to a wider audience. In a canary deployment, a small portion of the traffic is routed to the new version while the majority of the traffic still goes to the stable version. This allows for monitoring and evaluation of the new functionality in real-world conditions while minimizing the impact of any potential issues or bugs. If the new version performs well and meets the desired criteria, it can then be gradually rolled out to a larger user base or all servers. By exposing the new functionality or features to a small set of users initially, canary deployment helps in identifying any unforeseen issues, gathering feedback, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the application before a full deployment.

Explanation

To provision storage buckets as part of your Kubernetes deployment process for an application that depends on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Object Storage, you should leverage the OCI Service Broker for Kubernetes. OCI Service Broker for Kubernetes enables you to provision and manage OCI resources, including Object Storage buckets, directly from Kubernetes. It provides a Kubernetes-native experience for managing OCI services, allowing you to define and manage OCI resources as part of your application deployment process. By using the OCI Service Broker for Kubernetes, you can define the required Object Storage buckets in your Kubernetes manifests, and the service broker will handle the provisioning and management of those buckets in OCI, ensuring that they are available for your application wherever it is running.

Explanation

The correct answer is: "Adding a custom certificate authority (CA) or custom CA bundle to your gateway's trust store for mTLS is optional unless you need to reject certificates that do not contain particular values (such as a domain name)." The statement that is NOT valid regarding the mTLS options in OCI API Gateway is: "Adding a custom certificate authority (CA) or custom CA bundle to your gateway's trust store for mTLS is optional unless you need to reject certificates that do not contain particular values (such as a domain name)." In OCI API Gateway, adding a custom certificate authority (CA) or custom CA bundle to the gateway's trust store is not optional. It is a necessary step when configuring mTLS authentication. The trust store in the gateway is used to validate the client certificates presented during mTLS authentication. The other options listed are valid regarding the mTLS options in OCI API Gateway: Once the mTLS request policy is enabled, all requests with valid certificates are routed to the backend unless specific values (such as a domain name) are defined. This means that only requests with valid client certificates will be allowed to access the backend microservices. The mTLS request policy can only be enabled at the API deployment specification level, and it applies globally to all routes in that deployment. This ensures consistent mTLS authentication across all routes and endpoints in the API deployment. Custom CA or custom CA bundles can be added to the gateway's trust store, but only if they already exist in the OCI Certificates service. This allows you to include trusted CAs or CA bundles to validate client certificates during mTLS authentication.

Explanation

The two statements that are NOT valid regarding the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Streaming service are: A stream can be configured with either a public or a private endpoint with support for customer managed encryption keys. This statement is not valid because the OCI Streaming service currently supports only private endpoints. Customer managed encryption keys are not currently supported for OCI Streaming. OCI Streaming can support up to 2,000 requests per second to each partition. This statement is not valid because the throughput of a stream is not defined by the partition in terms of requests per second. The throughput of a stream is defined in terms of data input and output rates. Each partition provides 1 MB/sec data input and 2 MB/sec data output, but it does not correspond to a specific number of requests per second. The other statements are valid: OCI Streaming stores all data for 24 hours by default, but that can be extended up to 7 days. Although OCI Streaming automatically encrypts all data while in transit, it is the developer's responsibility to encrypt data at rest, if needed.

Explanation

The correct answer is: In blue/green deployment, both old and new applications are in production at the same time. In canary deployment, the application is deployed incrementally to a select group of people. In a blue/green deployment strategy, two identical environments, referred to as blue and green, are set up. The current production environment (blue) continues to serve live traffic while a new version of the application is deployed in the green environment. Once the new version is tested and deemed stable, traffic is routed from the blue environment to the green environment, making it the new production environment. This approach allows for a seamless switch between the old and new versions of the application. On the other hand, in a canary deployment strategy, the new version of the application is deployed incrementally to a small subset of users or a specific group. This allows for testing the new version in a real production environment while minimizing the impact of any potential issues. If the new version performs well and meets the desired criteria, it can be gradually rolled out to a larger audience or the entire user base. In summary, the main difference between blue/green and canary deployment strategies lies in how the deployment is managed. Blue/green involves simultaneous production of both old and new applications, while canary deployment focuses on incremental deployment to a select group of users.

Explanation

The testing strategy that achieves high velocity of deployments and releases of cloud native applications is "Automated testing." Automated testing involves the use of automated tools and frameworks to execute tests, validate functionality, and detect issues or bugs in an application. By automating the testing process, developers and DevOps teams can rapidly test and validate code changes, ensuring that new features and updates are functioning correctly before being deployed to production. This approach helps increase the speed and efficiency of the testing process, allowing for faster and more frequent deployments of cloud native applications.

Explanation

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) API Gateway supports various backend-types to handle incoming requests and route them to the appropriate backend service. However, "ORACLE_STREAMS_BACKEND" is not a valid backend-type in OCI API Gateway. "STOCK_RESPONSE_BACKEND" is a valid backend-type that allows you to configure static responses directly in the API Gateway without routing requests to any specific backend service. This can be useful for handling simple requests or returning predefined responses. "HTTP BACKEND" is another valid backend-type that enables routing requests to an HTTP backend service. "ORACLE_FUNCTIONS_BACKEND" is a valid backend-type that allows you to route requests to Oracle Functions, which are serverless functions that can be used to execute specific logic or operations. However, "ORACLE_STREAMS_BACKEND" is not a valid backend-type in OCI API Gateway. The API Gateway does not have native support for Oracle Streams as a backend service. Oracle Streams is a feature of Oracle Database that provides a publish-subscribe mechanism for data replication and distribution within an Oracle Database environment. It is not directly integrated as a backend service in OCI API Gateway.

API mocking is a technique that simulates the behavior of real APIs without requiring the actual implementation or deployment of the dependent services1. API mocking allows you to test changes to service A without deploying all of its dependencies, such as service B, by creating mock responses for the APIs that service A relies on1. API mocking has several benefits, such as1:

Faster testing: You can test your service A without waiting for service B to be ready or available, which reduces the testing time and feedback loop.

Isolated testing: You can test your service A in isolation from service B, which eliminates the possibility of external factors affecting the test results or causing errors.

Controlled testing: You can test your service A with different scenarios and edge cases by creating mock responses that mimic various situations, such as success, failure, timeout, etc.

Explanation

The option that is NOT available when viewing the Application metrics in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Console is: "The number of retries made by the function before failing due to an error." When viewing the Application metrics in the OCI Console for Oracle Functions, you can typically see metrics related to the performance and usage of your functions. These metrics provide insights into how your functions are performing and being utilized. The following metrics are usually available: The number of requests to invoke a function that failed due to throttling: This metric indicates the number of requests that were not processed by the function due to reaching the configured concurrency limit or throttling settings. The length of time a function runs for: This metric represents the duration of each function invocation, measuring the time it takes for the function to complete its execution. The number of requests to invoke a function that failed with an error response: This metric counts the number of requests that encountered an error during the function invocation, resulting in a failed response. However, the number of retries made by the function before failing due to an error is not typically available as part of the Application metrics in the OCI Console. The retries made by the function are usually handled at the invoker level, and the specific details of retries may not be captured as part of the application-level metrics. It's important to note that the availability of metrics and their specific details may vary depending on the version and configuration of Oracle Functions and the monitoring setup. It is recommended to refer to the Oracle Functions documentation and consult the official documentation for accurate and up-to-date information on available metrics.

 Cloud native is the software approach of building, deploying, and managing modern applications in cloud computing environments3. Cloud native apps are designed and built to exploit the scale, elasticity, resiliency, and flexibility the cloud provides4. Cloud native technologies support fast and frequent changes to applications without impacting service delivery, providing adopters with an innovative, competitive advantage3. Therefore, cloud native refers to the design and deployment of applications that are optimized for cloud infrastructure. Verified References: What is Cloud Native? - Everything you need to know, What is Cloud Native? | Microsoft Learn

Explanation

A valid concern that needs to be further investigated in this scenario is whether the OKE cluster has a secret with the credentials of the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry (OCIR) repository and if that secret is being used in the Kubernetes deployment manifest. Here's why this concern is relevant: Access to the OCIR repository: In order for the OKE cluster to pull images from the OCIR repository, it needs proper authentication credentials. These credentials are typically provided in the form of a secret, which contains the necessary information to authenticate with the registry. Secret in the deployment manifest: The Kubernetes deployment manifest defines how the application containers should be deployed. It includes specifications such as the container image, resource requirements, and environment variables. To pull images from a private repository like OCIR, the deployment manifest needs to reference the appropriate secret that contains the registry credentials. If the images are not being pulled from the designated OCIR repository, it suggests that either the secret with the OCIR credentials is missing or it is not properly referenced in the deployment manifest. Further investigation should focus on verifying the presence and correctness of the secret, as well as confirming that it is correctly referenced in the deployment manifest for the application containers. By ensuring the presence of the secret and proper configuration in the deployment manifest, the OKE cluster will have the necessary credentials to access the OCIR repository and successfully deploy the application containers.

Explanation

The correct command to rebuild the API docker image and tag it as OCIdevops/api:latest is: docker build -t OCIdevops/api:latest The docker build command is used to build a Docker image from a Dockerfile. The -t flag is used to specify the name and optionally a tag for the image. In this case, the name of the image is OCIdevops/api and the tag is latest. By running this command, the Docker image will be recreated based on the instructions in the Dockerfile and tagged with the specified name and tag.

Explanation

The correct answer is: "Multiple microservices can run in one process." The statement that is FALSE about microservices is: "Multiple microservices can run in one process." Microservices are designed to be independent and autonomous services that can be deployed, scaled, and managed separately. Each microservice typically runs as its own separate process. This separation allows for loose coupling and independent scalability of individual services. Running multiple microservices in a single process would violate the fundamental principle of microservices architecture, which emphasizes the isolation and independence of services. Combining multiple microservices into a single process would tightly couple them, making it difficult to independently manage, scale, and update each service. The other statements provided are true about microservices: It is fairly common for microservices to communicate with HTTP: Microservices often communicate with each other using lightweight protocols like HTTP/REST. This allows for interoperability, flexibility, and ease of communication between microservices. Microservices are typically designed around business capabilities: Microservices architecture advocates designing services based on specific business capabilities or functionalities. Each microservice focuses on a specific business domain or task, enabling modular and scalable development. They are independently deployable: Microservices are designed to be independently deployable units. This means that each microservice can be developed, tested, deployed, and updated separately without affecting other services. This flexibility allows for faster development cycles and more efficient scalability.

Explanation

The term that describes developing microservices in different languages of choice is "Polyglot." In a polyglot architecture, each microservice is developed using the most appropriate programming language or technology stack for its specific requirements. This approach allows developers to leverage the strengths of different languages and frameworks, enabling them to use the most suitable tool for each microservice while still maintaining interoperability between services.

Explanation

To push a new image to the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Registry, you would need to perform the following two actions: Assign a tag via Docker CLI to the image: Before pushing the image, you need to assign a tag to it using the Docker CLI. The tag helps identify the image and associate it with a specific version or label. Generate an auth token to complete the authentication via Docker CLI: To authenticate and authorize the push operation, you need to generate an auth token. This token is used to authenticate your Docker CLI with the OCI Registry, allowing you to push the image securely. Note: Generating an API signing key, assigning an OCI defined tag via OCI CLI, and generating an OCI tag namespace are not required steps for pushing a new image to the OCI Registry.

End-to-end testing is a technique that involves checking the entire user flow as well as the moving parts of a cloud native app, ensuring that there are no high-level discrepancies3. End-to-end testing simulates real user scenarios and validates the functionality, performance, reliability, and security of the app from start to finish3. End-to-end testing has several benefits, such as3:

Comprehensive testing: You can test your app as a whole and verify that all the components work together as expected.

User-centric testing: You can test your app from the user’s perspective and ensure that it meets the user’s needs and expectations.

Quality assurance: You can test your app in a realistic environment and identify any issues or defects before releasing it to the users.

To push a new Docker container image to a repository in OCI Registry, you need to use an Auth Token to complete the authentication via the Docker CLI1. An Auth Token is a secure, auto-generated password that you can use to authenticate with OCI services such as OCI Registry1. You can generate an Auth Token in the Console by following these steps1:

In the top-right corner of the Console, open the Profile menu and then click User settings to view the details.

On the Auth Tokens page, click Generate Token.

Enter a friendly description for the auth token. Avoid entering confidential information.

Click Generate Token. The new auth token is displayed.

Copy the auth token immediately to a secure location from where you can retrieve it later, because you won’t see the auth token again in the Console.

Close the Generate Token dialog. After generating an Auth Token, you need to log in to OCI Registry by entering docker login .ocir.io in a terminal window on the client machine running Docker, where corresponds to the key for the OCI Registry region you’re using1. When prompted for a username, enter your username in the format /, where is the auto-generated Object Storage namespace string of your tenancy1. When prompted for a password, enter the Auth Token you copied earlier1.

An action is a response that you define for the rule to perform when the filter finds a matching event1. The action type specifies the service that you want to invoke by delivering the event message1. The following action types are available in OCI Events rule definition1:

Streaming: Send to a stream from Oracle Streaming Service.

Notifications: Send to an Oracle Notification Service topic.

Functions: Send to an Oracle Functions Service endpoint. Email is not a valid action type for OCI Events rule definition. To send an email as an action, you need to use the Notifications service and subscribe to a topic with an email protocol2.

Explanation

The option that is not valid for connecting to an Autonomous Transaction Processing (ATP) Database from a container in Kubernetes is: Install the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Service Broker on the Kubernetes cluster and deploy ServiceInstance and ServiceBinding resources for ATP. Then use the specified binding name as a volume in the application deployment manifest. The Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Service Broker is not used for connecting to an ATP Database from a container in Kubernetes. The Service Broker is used for provisioning and managing cloud services directly from Kubernetes. It allows you to create and manage instances of OCI services using Kubernetes resources like ServiceInstance and ServiceBinding. To connect to an ATP Database from a container in Kubernetes, you can use one of the following valid options: Enable Oracle REST Data Services for the required schemas and connect via HTTPS. This involves enabling and configuring Oracle REST Data Services (ORDS) for the schemas in the ATP Database. You can then connect to the ATP Database using RESTful endpoints provided by ORDS. Use Kubernetes secrets to configure environment variables on the container with ATP instance OCID and OCI API credentials. Then use the CreateConnection API endpoint from the service runtime. This approach involves configuring the necessary environment variables on the container to provide the ATP instance OCID and OCI API credentials. The application can then use the OCI SDK or REST API (such as the CreateConnection endpoint) to establish a connection to the ATP Database. Create a Kubernetes secret with contents from the instance Wallet files. Use this secret to create a volume mounted to the appropriate path in the application deployment manifest. This method involves creating a Kubernetes secret that contains the necessary credentials from the ATP Database's instance wallet files. The secret can then be mounted as a volume in the application deployment, allowing the application to access the required credentials for connecting to the ATP Database. Both options 1 and 3 provide valid approaches for connecting to an ATP Database from a container in Kubernetes, depending on the specific requirements and preferences of the application.

Explanation

The correct answer is: "A unique OCID is automatically generated for each secret and remains unchanged even when creating a new secret version." The statement that is NOT valid about managing secrets in the OCI Vault service is: "A unique OCID is automatically generated for each secret and remains unchanged even when creating a new secret version." In OCI Vault, a secret is identified by its OCID (Oracle Cloud Identifier), which is a unique identifier for each resource in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. However, when a new secret version is created for an existing secret, the OCID remains the same for the secret itself, but a new OCID is generated for the secret version. This allows you to track and manage different versions of a secret while maintaining a consistent OCID for the secret itself. The other statements mentioned are valid: You can manually create new secrets as well as new secret versions using the OCI Console. This means you have control over creating and managing secrets within the Vault service. A secret reuse rule prevents the use of secret contents across different versions of a secret. This ensures that each secret version maintains its own unique set of contents and avoids accidental reuse or sharing of secrets across versions. By default, new secret versions automatically expire in 90 days unless you configure an expiry rule. This helps enforce good security practices by automatically rotating secrets periodically, reducing the risk of unauthorized access in case of compromise. Therefore, the statement that is NOT valid is the one regarding the uniqueness and consistency of the OCID when creating new secret versions.

Explanation

The three OCI services that can be leveraged to securely store and version your application's source code, and automate the building, testing, and deployment of applications to the OCI platform are: DevOps: OCI provides a comprehensive set of DevOps services, including Oracle Developer Cloud Service, which allows you to manage source code repositories, automate builds and testing, and streamline the deployment process. Container Engine for Kubernetes: OCI's Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) enables you to deploy and manage containerized applications using Kubernetes. It provides a scalable and reliable platform for automating the deployment of your applications. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry: OCI Registry is a fully managed, private container registry that allows you to securely store and manage Docker images. It integrates with other OCI services, such as Container Engine for Kubernetes, to facilitate seamless deployment and orchestration of containerized applications. These services combined provide the necessary tools and infrastructure to support continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) workflows, enabling efficient and automated application development and deployment processes in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure environment.

Explanation

The correct value for the "type" field in the API deployment specification is "STOCK_RESPONSE_BACKEND". By setting the "type" to "STOCK_RESPONSE_BACKEND", you are indicating that the backend for the specified route should return a pre-defined response. This type of backend is commonly used when you want a specific response to be returned consistently, regardless of the actual backend service implementation. In this case, the API deployment specification is configured to have a single route with the path "/hello" and the method "GET". The backend section specifies the type as "STOCK_RESPONSE_BACKEND". Additionally, it defines the response status code as 200, sets the "Content-Type" header to "application/json", and provides the JSON content in the "body" field. Using this configuration, any request to the "/hello" path with the "GET" method will always receive a consistent JSON response with the content "{"myjson": "consistent response"}".

Explanation

The correct answer is: "Tightly coupled." Tightly coupling is not a criterion that is usually met by a microservice. In fact, microservices are designed to be loosely coupled. Loosely coupling refers to reducing dependencies and minimizing the direct interactions between different components or services. Microservices promote independence and autonomy, allowing each service to operate independently without being tightly bound to other services. The other options listed are criteria that are typically met by microservices: Organized around business capabilities: Microservices architecture suggests designing services around specific business capabilities or functionalities. This allows for focused and specialized services that align with the organization's business needs. Independently deployable: Microservices are designed to be independently deployable units. Each microservice can be developed, tested, and deployed separately, without impacting other services. This enables agility and scalability in the deployment process. Highly maintainable: Microservices are often designed to be highly maintainable. They are smaller in scope and focused on specific tasks, making it easier to manage and maintain individual services. Additionally, microservices can be updated, patched, or replaced without affecting the entire system, facilitating easier maintenance and evolution of the application. Therefore, the criterion that is NOT typically met by a microservice is being tightly coupled.

Explanation

The valid troubleshooting strategy in this scenario is to enable function logging in the OCI console, add some print statements in your function code, and then view the logs to troubleshoot. Enabling function logging allows you to capture and store logs generated by your function during its execution. By adding print statements or log statements in your function code, you can output relevant information and debug messages to the logs. This helps you understand the execution flow, identify any errors or issues, and gather more information about the function's behavior. To troubleshoot the issue of the Python function not stopping the non-compliant OCI compute instances, you can follow these steps: Enable function logging in the OCI console: Enable logging for your function to ensure that logs are captured during its execution. Modify your function code: Add relevant print statements or log statements at key points in your code to output debug information or verify the execution flow. For example, you can print the instance details that are being evaluated for compliance. Invoke the function: Trigger the function execution either through an event or manually. View the logs: Access the function logs in the OCI console or retrieve them programmatically. Look for the expected print statements or log entries that indicate the status of each instance and the decisions made by the function. By reviewing the logs, you can analyze the output and identify any issues or discrepancies. It can help you determine if the function is correctly evaluating the compliance criteria, retrieving the instance details, or making the necessary API calls to stop the instances. You may need to adjust your code logic or investigate further based on the information provided in the logs. Enabling function remote debugging is not a suitable strategy in this case because it is primarily used for inspecting and debugging the function code during development, rather than troubleshooting issues in a deployed function. Enabling function tracing can provide insights into the execution flow and performance of the function but may not directly address the issue of the instances not being stopped. Ensuring that the application is deployed within the same OCI compartment as the instance is not directly related to troubleshooting the issue with the non-compliant instances. It is a consideration for access and permissions but does not provide specific insights into the problem at hand. Remember to refer to the Oracle Functions documentation and consult the official resources for detailed instructions and best practices on troubleshooting and monitoring Oracle Functions.

Explanation

The valid statements regarding the OCI Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) service are: OKE automatically creates and configures new network resources for the new cluster. When creating a new OKE cluster, the service automatically provisions and configures the necessary network resources, such as VCNs, subnets, route tables, security lists, and load balancers, to support the cluster. Your tenancy must have sufficient quota on different types of resources. Before creating an OKE cluster, you need to ensure that your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) tenancy has sufficient quota for the required resources, such as compute instances, block storage, networking resources, and load balancers. You must have access to an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure tenancy. To use the OKE service, you need to have access to an OCI tenancy. This means you must have a valid OCI account and the necessary permissions to create and manage resources within the tenancy. The following statements are not valid: OKE cannot use existing network resources for the creation of a new cluster. OKE creates new network resources specifically for the cluster, and it does not support using existing network resources. There is a limit of three clusters within each region, but there is no limit on the number of nodes and pods you can create within each cluster. This statement is incorrect. There is no specific limit on the number of clusters you can create within a region in OKE. However, there may be certain limits or quotas on resources that can impact the number of clusters you can create.

Explanation

The correct syntax for implementing a rolling update deployment strategy in Kubernetes using the kubectl command is: kubectl rolling-update --image=image:v2 This command initiates a rolling update of the specified deployment by updating the container image to image:v2. The rolling update strategy ensures that the new version of the application is gradually deployed while maintaining availability and minimizing downtime.

Explanation

To troubleshoot issues in OCI, the option that is not valid is: Trace performance issues in the Application Performance Monitoring service by enabling Function traces. While the Application Performance Monitoring service in OCI allows you to monitor and trace the performance of your applications, it is specifically designed for monitoring OCI Functions (serverless functions) and does not directly apply to all types of applications. The other options mentioned, such as configuring logs in the OCI Logging service, leveraging OCI Cloud Guard for debug logs, viewing service metrics in the OCI Monitoring service, and using OCI Service Connector Hub for log forwarding, are valid options for troubleshooting and monitoring applications in OCI.

Explanation

The two characteristics of microservices are: Microservices can be independently deployed: One of the key principles of microservices architecture is the ability to independently deploy each microservice. This means that changes or updates to one microservice can be made and deployed without affecting other microservices. It allows for faster and more frequent deployments, enabling agile development and scalability. Microservices communicate over lightweight APIs: Microservices communicate with each other through lightweight APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). This enables loose coupling between microservices, as they can interact with each other using standard protocols like HTTP/REST or messaging systems like RabbitMQ or Kafka. Lightweight APIs facilitate flexibility and interoperability between microservices, making it easier to develop and maintain complex systems. The remaining statement, "All microservices share a data store," is not a characteristic of microservices. Microservices are designed to be autonomous and have their own data storage or database. Each microservice has its own data store, which promotes the principle of bounded contexts and avoids tight coupling between services. This allows for better scalability and independence of data management within each microservice.