Insurance Licensing Virginia-Life-Annuities-and-Health-Insurance Dumps

In insurance terminology, per Virginia Code § 38.2-100 et seq., a hazard (option A) is a condition increasing the likelihood or severity of a loss from a covered peril (e.g., smoking increases fire risk). Option B (peril) is the cause of loss (e.g., fire, theft). Option C (exposure) is the extent of potential loss, not the condition itself. Option D (risk) is the broader uncertainty of loss, encompassing hazards and perils. The study guide likely differentiates these with examples—e.g., icy roads (hazard) causing a crash (peril)—highlighting hazard’s role in amplifying loss probability, making A the exact match.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

A 30-year decreasing term policy (B) reduces its death benefit over time, matching thedeclining balance of a 30-year mortgage, making it ideal for this purpose.

30-payment whole life (A) is permanent with level benefits. 30-year level term (C) maintains a constant benefit. 30-year endowment (D) builds cash value and pays out at maturity, not tied to a mortgage.

The Virginia study guide describes decreasing term insurance as tailored for obligations like mortgages, with the benefit decreasing as the debt is paid off. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Types of Life Insurance."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

A trustee-to-trustee transfer (A) avoids the 20% mandatory tax withholding required when funds are distributed to the participant and rolled over within 60 days.

Options B (lost funds) and C (time) are incidental, not primary benefits. Option D (penalty tax) is irrelevant; rollovers aren’t penalized if timely.

The Virginia study guide, per IRS rules, notes that direct trustee-to-trustee transfers bypass withholding, preserving the full amount for reinvestment. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Retirement Plans."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

A viatical settlement involves a terminally ill policyowner selling their life insurance policy for a lump sum. The policyowner in this transaction is called the viator (C).

The viatical settlement provider (A) is the entity purchasing the policy.

The viatical settlement broker (B) facilitates the transaction.

"Viatee" (D) is not a recognized term in this context.

The Virginia study guide defines the viator as the insured policyowner who sells their policy in a viatical settlement, typically due to a terminal illness. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Viatical Settlements."

Virginia Code § 38.2-3207 allows participating life policies to offer dividend options: option A (reduce premium), option B (buy paid-up additions increasing coverage), and option C (accumulatewith interest) are standard, reflecting insurer profits shared with policyowners. Option D (receiving the entire cash value) isn’t a dividend option; it’s a surrender or nonforfeiture action, terminating the policy, not distributing profits. The study guide likely lists these options with examples—e.g., $100 dividend reducing a $500 premium (A)—contrasting them with cash value withdrawal, making D the exception.

Virginia insurance law (Title 38.2, Chapter 18) recognizes three types of agent authority: express, implied, and apparent. Express authority (option B) is explicitly granted by the insurer in the agency agreement (e.g., soliciting policies), per Virginia Code § 38.2-1800 et seq. Implied authority (option C) is unwritten power to perform incidental acts necessary for express duties (e.g., collecting premiums). Apparent authority (option A) arises when a third party reasonably believes the agent has authority based on the insurer’s actions (e.g., providing branded materials), binding the insurer legally. Option D (residual authority) is not a recognized term in Virginia insurance or agency law; “residual” might relate to markets or benefits elsewhere, but not agent authority. The study guide likely outlines these three authorities with examples, excluding D as a fabricated or irrelevant concept, making it the exception.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

When age is misstated, the insurer adjusts the death benefit based on the premium paid versus what should have been paid.

Premium paid: $15 per $1,000 (understated age). Correct premium: $18 per $1,000 (actual age).

Ratio: $15/$18 = 5/6 of the intended coverage. Thus, the benefit is 15/18 of the face amount (A).

Option B (95%) is arbitrary. Option C (full amount) ignores the misstatement. Option D (nothing) applies only in fraud cases beyond the incontestability period, not specified here.

The Virginia study guide states that under the misstatement of age provision, the benefit is adjusted proportionally to the premium paid versus the correct premium, not denied entirely. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Life Insurance Policy Provisions."

Virginia Code § 38.2-3330 mandates a conversion privilege in group term life policies, allowing insureds to convert to an individual policy without evidence of insurability within 31 days after losing group eligibility (e.g., employment termination). Option C matches this precisely. Option A is false; conversion is a legal requirement. Option B is incorrect; conversion applies post-eligibility, not during active membership while still insurable. Option D (five years) is arbitrary and unsupported by law. The study guide likely details this 31-day window with examples—e.g., an employee converting to whole life after layoffs—emphasizing its protective role, making C the correct timing.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

In Virginia, unintentional violations by an agent can result in fines, with a maximum aggregate penalty of $10,000 (C) for similar violations, as set by state insurance regulations.

Options A, B, and D deviate from this standard cap for unintentional acts.

The Virginia study guide, aligned with Virginia Code, specifies a $10,000 maximum aggregate penalty for unintentional violations, with higher penalties possible for willful acts. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Penalties and Enforcement."

The concept of agency authority is foundational in Virginia insurance law, derived from general agency principles and reflected in Title 38.2, Chapter 18. Express authority is explicitly granted in the agency agreement (e.g., soliciting and binding coverage), per Virginia Code § 38.2-1800 et seq. Implied authority, however, is not written but assumed to be necessary for carrying out express duties—such as scheduling client meetings or collecting initial premiums—unless restricted by the insurer. “Mandated authority” (option B) is not a recognized term in Virginia insurance regulations or study materials. Option C (express authority) is incorrect because it’s explicitly stated, not unwritten. Option D (nonexistent) denies the presence of authority, which contradicts the question’s premise. The Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide likely highlights implied authority as a key concept for agents’ day-to-day operations, making A the correct answer.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

If a health insurer requires a physical exam (e.g., for underwriting or claims), the insurer pays the cost (D), as it’s their condition for coverage or payment.

The premium payor (A), insured (B), or patient (C) aren’t responsible for insurer-mandated exams.

The Virginia study guide specifies that insurer-required exams, such as for contesting claims, are at the insurer’s expense, per the physical examination provision. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Health Insurance Policy Provisions."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

A single premium deferred annuity (SPDA) involves one lump-sum payment (D), with benefits deferred until a later date, not immediate (A).

Withdrawals (B) are taxable as earnings first, not tax-free. The annuitant (C) receives payments, not the beneficiary, who gets proceeds if the annuitant dies.

The Virginia study guide defines an SPDA as an annuity funded by a single premium, with accumulation deferred until payout, distinguishing it from immediate annuities. Reference: VirginiaLife, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Annuities."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

Life insurance policies must include a misstatement of age clause (B), grace period clause (C), and incontestability clause (D) as standard provisions under state law.

The waiver of premium clause (A) is optional, typically a rider, not a required provision.

The Virginia study guide lists mandatory life insurance provisions (e.g., grace period, incontestability, misstatement of age) but notes that waiver of premium is an optional benefit, not required. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Life Insurance Policy Provisions."

Adjustable life insurance (Virginia Code § 38.2-3113.1) allows flexibility in face amount and premiums, effectively shifting between term (lower cost, no cash value) and whole life (higher cost, cash value) features while in force (option A). Option B is false; nonforfeiture options include cash, reduced paid-up, or extended term. Option C is false; settlement options (e.g., lump sum) apply as with other policies. Option D is wrong; it’s life insurance, not an annuity. The study guide likely explains this adaptability—e.g., increasing premiums to build cash value (whole life)—making A the true statement.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

Life insurance policies typically include a two-year suicide clause; if the insured dies by suicide within this period (e.g., six months), the insurer pays only a refund of premiums, not the full death benefit (C).

Options A (accidental injury), B (lung cancer), and D (heart attack) are covered causes, barring misrepresentation or exclusions, within the first two years.

The Virginia study guide notes that the suicide provision limits payment to premiums paid if suicide occurs within two years of issuance, protecting insurers from early intentional loss. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Life Insurance Policy Provisions."

Virginia Code § 38.2-1820 requires licensees (agents, agencies, or other entities) operating under an assumed or fictitious name to register that name with the Bureau of Insurance. This ensures transparency and consumer protection by linking all business names to the licensed entity. The statute specifies notification either at the time of license application or within 30 calendar days after adopting the assumed name, making option A correct. This timeline allows the Bureau to update records promptly without undue delay. Option B (60 days from first policy sale) introduces an unrelated trigger—policy sales—and extends the period beyond Virginia’s requirement, making it incorrect. Option C (license renewal) delays notification unnecessarily, as renewals occur biennially (Virginia Code § 38.2-1822), conflicting with the need for timely registration. Option D (30 days before discontinuing the name) is illogical; notification is required when adopting, not abandoning, a name. The study guide likely stresses this 30-day rule to ensure compliance with Virginia’s licensing oversight, reinforcing A as the precise answer based on regulatory intent and practice.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

The policyowner (A) has the right to designate the beneficiary, as they control the policy’s terms and ownership rights.

The insurer (B) issues the policy, the beneficiary (C) receives proceeds, and the agent (D) facilitates but doesn’t decide.

The Virginia study guide confirms that the policyowner selects the beneficiary, exercising a fundamental ownership right, unless assigned otherwise. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Beneficiary Designations."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

Term life insurance (B) provides coverage for a specified period (temporary protection) and does not accumulate cash value.

Option A (cash value) applies to permanent life insurance, not term.

Option C (five years or less) is false; term policies can span 10, 20, or 30 years.

Option D (same premium) is incorrect; renewable term policies increase premiums at renewal based on age.

The Virginia study guide describes term life insurance as temporary coverage with no cash value, contrasting it with permanent policies. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Types of Life Insurance."

Virginia Code § 38.2-3500 et seq. governs major medical plans, which cover catastrophic costs like hospital expenses (option A), physicians’ visits (option C), and surgical expenses (option D). Option B (custodial care)—non-medical assistance with daily living (e.g., bathing)—is typically excluded, as it’s not “medically necessary” under standard definitions (Virginia Code § 38.2-3407.10). The study guide likely lists inclusions (A, C, D) with examples—e.g., $5,000 for surgery—versus exclusions like custodial care, covered by LTC policies instead, making B the usual exception.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

The incontestability provision in LTC policies typically limits the insurer’s ability to contest coverage based on misrepresentations to two years (B) from issuance, unless fraud is proven (which may extend this in some states).

Option A (six months) is too short. Option C (entire duration) applies only to fraud in some cases, not standard misrepresentations. Option D (prohibited) is incorrect due to the contestable period.

The Virginia study guide, aligned with NAIC standards, notes a two-year contestable period for health-related policies like LTC, after which misrepresentations cannot be challenged absent fraud. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Incontestability."

Virginia Code § 38.2-3500 et seq. allows health insurance policies to include riders—supplemental agreements modifying coverage or terms (e.g., adding dental benefits or exclusions). Option D (rider) is the standard term. Option A (limit clause) isn’t a distinct attachment; limits are within thepolicy. Option B (attachment) is vague and not insurance-specific. Option C (insuring clause) is the core promise of coverage, not an alteration. The study guide likely defines riders with examples—e.g., a maternity rider increasing premiums—distinguishing them from policy staples, confirming D as the answer.

Virginia Code § 38.2-4303 defines the HMO model, where the primary care physician (PCP, option A) acts as the gatekeeper, delivering preventive (e.g., vaccines) and routine care (e.g., checkups), and coordinating referrals. Option B (medical director) oversees HMO operations, not direct care. Option C (routine care physician) isn’t a standard term; the PCP fills this role. Option D (provider association) might imply a network, but care comes from the individual PCP, not a collective. The study guide likely explains the PCP’s central role with examples—e.g., a member seeing their PCP for a flu shot—highlighting HMO cost-control via this structure, making A the correct provider.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

For unintentional violations in Virginia, the maximum penalty is $1,000 per occurrence, with an aggregate cap of $10,000 (C), per state insurance regulations.

Options A, B, and D deviate from this standard penalty structure.

The Virginia study guide, per Virginia Code, sets unintentional violation penalties at up to $1,000 per act, with a $10,000 total cap, escalating for willful violations. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Penalties and Enforcement."

Virginia Code § 38.2-5202 allows a guaranteed insurability option in LTC insurance, letting the insured buy additional coverage later (option A) without proving insurability, typically at set intervals or life events (e.g., inflation adjustment). Option B (replace with another insurer) isn’t a policy feature; it’s a market action. Option C (lifetime extension) confuses with benefit periods, not insurability. Option D (fixed premium) relates to non-cancelable policies, not this rider. The study guide likely describes this with examples—e.g., adding $1,000 monthly benefit at age 70—emphasizing future flexibility, making A the correct ability.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

False advertising includes exaggerating dividends (A), misrepresenting benefits (B), or claiming a policy is a stock (C), all deceptive practices.

Comparing benefits with a competitor (D) is permissible if accurate and not misleading, thus not inherently false advertising.

The Virginia study guide, per state law, prohibits deceptive advertising but allows factual comparisons with competitors, provided they are truthful. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Unfair Trade Practices."

Virginia Code § 38.2-4306 mandates that Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) provide comprehensive health services, including emergency care, as a core benefit. Emergency services must be available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (option D) to ensure immediate access to life-saving treatment, aligning with federal and state standards (e.g., ACA requirements under 42 CFR § 422.113). This reflects the HMO’s obligation to cover urgent needs—e.g., a heart attack at 2 a.m.—via in-network facilities or out-of-network reimbursement if necessary. Option A (16 hours, 6 days) and Option B (16 hours, 7 days) fall short of the continuous access requirement, limiting coverage unreasonably. Option C (24 hours, 6 days) excludes one day, contradicting the nonstop mandate. The study guide likely emphasizes this 24/7 rule in an HMO benefits section, with examples like ER visits covered anytime, making D the correct standard. This ensures HMOs meet Virginia’s consumer protection goals under § 38.2-4300 et seq., distinguishing them from less comprehensive plans.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

Agents assist underwriting by collecting application data (A), obtaining additional info (C), and reporting material facts (D), but determining the final rate classification (B) is the insurer’s underwriter’s role, not the agent’s.

Rate classification involves risk assessment, which is beyond an agent’s authority.

The Virginia study guide specifies that agents facilitate underwriting by providing accurate information, while the insurer’s underwriters set rates based on that data. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Underwriting Process."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

Designating a beneficiary "by class" means identifying a group (e.g., "my children") rather than naming specific individuals (C).

Option A (business life insurance) is unrelated to class designation.

Option B (no primary beneficiary) is incorrect; a class can still be primary.

Option D (unrelated beneficiaries) is not a requirement of class designation.

The Virginia study guide notes that a class designation identifies beneficiaries by a category (e.g., "spouse" or "heirs") rather than specific names, offering flexibility. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Beneficiary Designations."

Virginia Code § 38.2-1826(C) mandates that licensees (agents, brokers, etc.) report administrative actions—such as license revocation or fines by another state or agency—to the Bureau of Insurance within 30 calendar days of the final disposition. “Final disposition” means the conclusion of the action (e.g., final order or settlement). This requirement ensures Virginia regulators can assess the licensee’s fitness to hold a license and protect consumers. Option C (30 days) matches this statutory timeline precisely. Option A (10 days) is too short and not supported by Virginia law. Option B (20 days) lacks a basis in the Code or study materials. Option D (45 days) exceeds the mandated period, risking delayed oversight. The study guide likely emphasizes this 30-day rule as a critical compliance deadline, reinforced by Virginia’s alignment with NAIC standards for licensee reporting, making C the definitive answer.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

The notice of claim provision typically deems notice to an agent as notice to the company (B), as agents act on the insurer’s behalf.

Options A (incomplete), C (not valid), and D (contrary) contradict standard practice unless the policy specifies otherwise.

The Virginia study guide, per NAIC model laws, confirms that notice to an agent satisfies the notice of claim requirement, equating it to notice to the insurer. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, andHealth Insurance study guide, section on "Health Insurance Claims Provisions."

Virginia Code § 38.2-3117.1 permits life insurance policies to include an accelerated death benefit (ADB) provision, allowing the policyowner to receive a portion of the death benefit early if the insured is diagnosed with a terminal illness (typically less than 12-24 months life expectancy, per policy terms). Option B correctly identifies this benefit, often used for medical expenses or quality-of-life needs. Option A (death benefit) is paid only upon death, not during life, so it’s incorrect here. Option C (reduced paid-up insurance) is a nonforfeiture option converting cash value to a smaller, paid-up policy, unrelated to terminal illness. Option D (extended term insurance) uses cash value to extend term coverage, also not tied to life expectancy triggers. The study guide likely details ADB as a modern feature addressing critical health scenarios, distinguishing it from standard death benefits or nonforfeiture options, confirming B as the accurate choice.

Virginia Code § 38.2-3431 et seq., aligned with the ACA, requires small employer health plans (1-50 employees) to offer coverage to all eligible employees who apply, without discrimination based on health status or other factors. “Eligible” typically means full-time employees meeting the employer’s criteria (e.g., 30+ hours/week). Option A reflects this guaranteed issue mandate, ensuring broad access. Option B (12-month waiting period) is false; Virginia and federal law cap waiting periods at 90 days (Virginia Code § 38.2-3445), not 12 months. Option C (evidence ofinsurability) contradicts guaranteed issue rules for small groups, which prohibit medical underwriting. Option D (under age 65) is incorrect; coverage extends to all eligible employees regardless of age, though Medicare coordination may apply post-65. The study guide likely stresses this inclusivity as a cornerstone of small group market reforms, making A the correct answer.

Virginia Code § 38.2-5205 mandates that long-term care (LTC) policies define pre-existing conditions, typically as conditions for which medical advice or treatment was recommended or received within six months before the policy’s effective date. Option B (pre-existing condition) matches this definition exactly, as it identifies prior health issues that may affect coverage (e.g., exclusions or waiting periods). Option A (covered illness) is vague and implies a condition already insured, not necessarily pre-existing. Option C (long-term care condition) isn’t a standard term; LTC policies cover specific needs (e.g., ADLs), not a category tied to this timeframe. Option D (pre-determined risk) suggests underwriting factors, not a specific medical history definition. The study guide likely details this six-month lookback as a common LTC standard, with examples like a recent stroke diagnosis, emphasizing disclosure requirements and potential coverage limits, confirming B as the answer.

Virginia Code § 38.2-5207.1 and 14VAC5-200-75 regulate replacement of long-term care (LTC) insurance, requiring a replacement notice when an applicant with existing coverage applies for a new policy that may replace it. This signed notice, provided to the applicant and retained by the insurer, ensures transparency about potential duplication or lapse of the original policy, protecting consumers from unintended coverage gaps or costs. Option C (replacement notice) fits this requirement. Option A (cancellation notice) relates to terminating a policy, not applying for a new one. Option B (substitution notice) isn’t a standard term; “replacement” is the legal phrase. Option D (duplication notice) might imply overlap but lacks regulatory specificity. The study guide likely includes a sample replacement form, stressing its role in LTC sales compliance, confirming C as the correct choice.

Adjustable life insurance, per Virginia Code § 38.2-3113.1, blends whole and term features, allowing policyowners to adjust face amount and premiums. Option B is true; simultaneous changes (e.g., increasing face amount and premium) are possible, adapting coverage and cash value. Option A is false; higher premiums typically increase cash value, not decrease it, unless misallocated. Option C is incorrect; increasing face amount doesn’t inherently extend term duration—it adjusts cost or cash value. Option D is false; face amount increases don’t shorten whole life premium periods, which are fixed or flexible based on design. The study guide likely highlights adjustability with examples—e.g., raising $100,000 to $150,000 with a premium hike—making B the true capability.

Virginia Code § 38.2-3432.1, aligned with the Affordable Care Act (ACA), mandates guaranteed renewability for small employer health plans (1-50 employees in Virginia). Insurers can deny renewal for nonpayment of premiums (option A), insufficient participants (option B, e.g., falling below one eligible employee), or fraud (option D), per Virginia Code § 38.2-3407. However, option C—overuse of services (high claims)—a—is not a permissible reason for denial, as renewability cannot be based on claims experience or health status. The study guide emphasizes this protection under Virginia’s small group market rules, making C the exception.

Virginia Code § 38.2-623 mandates insurers to implement information security programs to safeguard nonpublic personal information, aligning with the NAIC’s Model Regulation for Privacy. These programs must ensure confidentiality (option B), protect against threats or hazards (option C), and prevent unauthorized access (option D)—all core objectives to secure data against breaches or misuse. Option A (ensure policyholder access without substantial inconvenience) is not a requirement of the security program; while Virginia Code § 38.2-610 allows policyholders to request their information, this is a separate consumer right, not a security program goal. The study guide likely details these mandates in a privacy section, emphasizing protection over access facilitation, as security focuses on safeguarding, not convenience. For example, encryption (B, D) and risk assessments (C) are standard, but streamlining access (A) could even conflict with security if overly permissive, making A the exception.

In insurance contract law, per Virginia Code § 38.2-102, a contract requires consideration—something of value exchanged to make it legally binding. Option C (consideration) fits this definition: the insured’s premium payment and the insurer’s promise of coverage form the mutual value. Option A (grant) implies a unilateral transfer, not a contract element. Option B (codicil) is a will amendment, irrelevant to insurance contracts. Option D (covenant) is a promise within a contract, not the value exchanged. The study guide likely explains consideration as a foundational principle, using examples like a $500 premium for a $100,000 policy, distinguishing it from other legal terms. Virginia follows common law requiring consideration for enforceability, making C theprecise answer.

Virginia Code § 38.2-3508 provides a 31-day grace period for individual health insurance premium payments, during which coverage remains active and claims are paid. If a claim arises, the insurer may deduct any unpaid premium from the reimbursement (option D), ensuring it recovers owed funds while honoring the claim. Option). Option A (deductible waived) is false; deductibles apply regardless of payment status. Option B (10% fee) is unsupported by Virginia law. Option C (automatic cancellation) is incorrect; cancellation requires notice post-grace period if unpaid (Virginia Code § 38.2-3510). The study guide likely explains this with examples—e.g., a $500 claim with a $100 unpaid premium nets $400—reflecting standard practice, making D the correct outcome.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

Long-term care insurance (B) is designed to cover custodial care (e.g., help with daily activities like bathing or dressing) when individuals cannot care for themselves, often outside a hospital setting.

Medicare (A) provides limited long-term care coverage (e.g., skilled nursing for a short period), not comprehensive custodial care.

Major medical (C) covers hospital and medical expenses, not long-term custodial care.

Disability income (D) replaces lost income, not care costs.

The Virginia study guide defines long-term care insurance as coverage for extended care needs, such as in nursing homes or at home, when individuals cannot perform activities of daily living, distinguishing it from Medicare or major medical plans. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Types of Health Insurance."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

The Medicare Supplement open enrollment period (6 months starting the first month a person is 65 and enrolled in Medicare Part B) guarantees issuance of a policy without regard to health status (D).

Premiums (A), benefits (B), and exclusions (C) are standardized and not altered during this period due to health.

The Virginia study guide states that during the Medicare Supplement open enrollment, insurers must issue policies without medical underwriting, ensuring access regardless of health. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Medicare Supplement Insurance."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

An immediate annuity (C) begins payments shortly after a single premium is paid, lacking an accumulation period (the phase where funds build up, typical in deferred annuities).

Option A (installments) applies to deferred annuities. Option B (lump sum) is not standard; annuities pay periodically. Option D (tax-deductible) is false; contributions are not deductible unless part of a qualified plan, not typical for immediate annuities.

The Virginia study guide defines an immediate annuity as one purchased with a single premium, with payments starting within one year, bypassing an accumulation phase. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Annuities."

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

Disability income insurance covers loss of income from accidental injuries (D), provided they aren’t excluded.

Self-inflicted injuries (A), military service injuries (B), and war-related disabilities (C) are standard exclusions in most policies.

The Virginia study guide specifies that disability income insurance pays for accidental or illness-related income loss, excluding self-inflicted, military, or war-related causes. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Disability Income Insurance."

In the context of health insurance, particularly dental coverage, Virginia Code § 38.2-3407.1 et seq. governs mandated benefits, though dental specifics often appear in policy riders or standalone plans. Orthodontics (option A) is the branch of dentistry focused on preventing and correcting irregularities of the teeth and jaws using mechanical devices like braces or aligners, precisely matching the question’s description. Endodontics (option B) deals with the tooth’s interior (e.g., root canals), not mechanical correction of alignment. Periodontics (option C) addresses gum diseases and supporting structures, not tooth positioning. Prosthodontics (option D) involves replacing missing teeth with prosthetics (e.g., dentures), not correcting irregularities mechanically. The study guide likely defines these terms in a health insurance section, emphasizing orthodontics’ role in alignment correction—both preventive (e.g., avoiding bite issues) and corrective—making A the clear answer. Examples like braces for malocclusion reinforce this distinction from other specialties.

Detailed Answer in Step-by-Step Solution:

The coordination of benefits (COB) provision prevents overinsurance (B) by ensuring that total payments from multiple group plans don’t exceed 100% of covered expenses, avoiding duplication.

It doesn’t affect dependent coverage (A), probationary periods (C), or waiting periods (D), which are unrelated to claim payments.

The Virginia study guide describes COB as a mechanism to coordinate payments among multiple insurers, reducing overinsurance and ensuring fair claim distribution. Reference: Virginia Life, Annuities, and Health Insurance study guide, section on "Group Health Insurance Provisions."